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Mutual exclusivity is a word learning constraint that involves the tendency to assign one label/name, and in turn avoid assigning a second label, to a single object. [1] Mutual exclusivity is often discussed as one of three main lexical constraints, or word learning biases , that are believed to play major roles in word learning, the other two ...
This glossary covers terms found in the psychiatric literature; the word origins are primarily Greek, but there are also Latin, French, German, and English terms. Many of these terms refer to expressions dating from the early days of psychiatry in Europe; some are deprecated, and thus are of historic interest.
The term 'episodic memory' was introduced by Tulving and Schacter in the context of 'declarative memory' which involved simple association of factual or objective information concerning its object. [2] Word meaning is measured by the company they keep, i.e. the relationships among words themselves in a semantic network. The memories may be ...
Suicide related behavior is a self-inflicted, potentially injurious behavior for which there is evidence either that: (a) the person wished to use the appearance of intending to kill themselves in order to attain some other end; or (b) the person intended at some undetermined or some known degree to kill themselves. [4]
The English word soul is sometimes used synonymously, especially in older texts. [2] Psychology is the scientific or objective study of the psyche. The word has a long history of use in psychology and philosophy, dating back to ancient times, and represents one of the fundamental concepts for understanding human nature from a scientific point ...
William James was the first psychologist to describe the tip of the tongue phenomenon, although he did not label it as such. The term "tip of the tongue" is borrowed from colloquial usage, [2] and possibly a calque from the French phrase avoir le mot sur le bout de la langue ("having the word on the tip of the tongue").
Theories in "psychological" social psychology explain an individual's actions in a group in terms of mental events and states. However, some "sociological" social psychology theories go further by dealing with the issue of identity at the level of both individual cognition and collective behavior. George C. Homans, former President of the ...
The term "eustress" comes from the Greek root eu-which means "good" (as in "euphoria"). [6] Eustress results when a person perceives a stressor as positive. [7] "Distress" stems from the Latin root dis-(as in "dissonance" or "disagreement"). [6] Medically defined distress is a threat to the quality of life. It occurs when a demand vastly ...