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Operation Chastise, commonly known as the Dambusters Raid, [1] [2] was an attack on German dams carried out on the night of 16/17 May 1943 by 617 Squadron RAF Bomber Command, later called the Dam Busters, using special "bouncing bombs" developed by Barnes Wallis.
The Battle of the Ruhr (5 March – 31 July 1943) was a strategic bombing campaign against the Ruhr Area in Nazi Germany carried out by RAF Bomber Command during the Second World War. The Ruhr was the main centre of German heavy industry with coke plants, steelworks , armaments factories and ten synthetic oil plants .
When opened, the dam was the largest dam in Europe. 140 homesteads with 700 people had to move. It was built to help control floods, regulate water levels on the Ruhr river downstream, and generate hydropower. Today, the lake is also a tourist attraction. The breached Möhne Dam after the bombing The dam in overflow
Sir Barnes Neville Wallis CBE FRS RDI FRAeS [3] (26 September 1887 – 30 October 1979) was an English engineer and inventor.He is best known for inventing the bouncing bomb used by the Royal Air Force in Operation Chastise (the "Dambusters" raid) to attack the dams of the Ruhr Valley during World War II.
Gibson made a dummy run over the dam to look the target over and reported how he "liked the look of it". The second formation of three led by Young arrived at this point. Gibson made his bombing run but the bomb was released short and did not damage the dam. It took about five minutes for the water to settle down after the explosion.
The Dam Busters is a 1951 non-fiction book by Paul Brickhill about Royal Air Force 617 Squadron originally commanded by Wing Commander Guy Gibson V.C. during World War II. The squadron became known as the "Dam Busters" because of Operation Chastise , a mission using highly specialised bombs to destroy Ruhr dams in Germany.
Nant-y-Gro dam: 1942 Elan Valley: United Kingdom 0 Destroyed deliberately with explosive charge during testing and preparation for Operation Chastise in World War II. Edersee Dam: 1943-05-17 Hesse: Germany 70 Destroyed by bombing during Operation Chastise in World War II. Widespread destruction. Möhne Dam: 1943-05-17 Ruhr: Germany 1 579
May 3, 1943: Plane crash kills General Frank M. Andrews, Commander of U.S. Army operations in Europe May 14, 1943: Australian hospital ship Centaur sunk by Japanese sub, 268 medical personnel killed May 15, 1943: "Bat bomb" experiment sets fire to Carlsbad Army Air Force base May 16, 1943: SS Polizeifuhrer Stroop announces final eradication of Warsaw's Jewish quarter and its 56,065 residents