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java.util.Collection class and interface hierarchy Java's java.util.Map class and interface hierarchy. The Java collections framework is a set of classes and interfaces that implement commonly reusable collection data structures. [1] Although referred to as a framework, it works in a manner of a library. The collections framework provides both ...
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JAR files are created with the jar command-line utility. The command jar cf myPackage.jar *.class compresses all .class files into the JAR file myPackage.jar. The 'c' option on the command line tells the jar command to "create new archive." The ' f ' option tells it to create a file. The file's name comes next before the contents of the JAR file.
Not all languages support multiple inheritance. For example, Java allows a class to implement multiple interfaces, but only inherit from one class. [22] If multiple inheritance is allowed, the hierarchy is a directed acyclic graph (or DAG for short), otherwise it is a tree. The hierarchy has classes as nodes and inheritance relationships as links.
The concept of class hierarchy in computer science is very similar to taxonomy, the classifications of species. The relationships are specified in the science of object-oriented design and object interface standards defined by popular use, language designers ( Java , C++ , Smalltalk , Visual Prolog ) and standards committees for software design ...
Folds can be regarded as consistently replacing the structural components of a data structure with functions and values. Lists, for example, are built up in many functional languages from two primitives: any list is either an empty list, commonly called nil ([]), or is constructed by prefixing an element in front of another list, creating what is called a cons node ( Cons(X1,Cons(X2,Cons ...
A structure chart (SC) in software engineering and organizational theory is a chart which shows the smallest of a system to its lowest manageable levels. [2] They are used in structured programming to arrange program modules into a tree. Each module is represented by a box, which contains the module's name.
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