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There is not yet an authoritative definition of geoeconomics that is clearly distinct from geopolitics. The challenge of separating geopolitics and geoeconomics into separate spheres is due to their interdependence: interactions among nation-states as indivisible sovereign units exercising political power, and the predominance of neoclassical economics' "logic of commerce" that ostensibly ...
Ireland is represented in Montenegro through its embassy in Budapest . Montenegro declared its independence from Serbia on 3 June 2006 and Ireland recognised it on 20 June 2006. Both countries are full members of the Council of Europe. Ireland is an EU member and Montenegro is an EU candidate. Netherlands: 1945 [27]
Ireland had also become a base for US technology multinationals. By 2014 (see table), Apple's Irish ASI subsidiary was handling €34bn annually of untaxed profits (20% of Ireland's 2014 GNI*). The EU forced Ireland to close the "double Irish", [182] but it was replaced (Apple's "capital allowances" and Microsoft's "single malt"). [183] [184]
Topics of geopolitics include relations between the interests of international political actors focused within an area, a space, or a geographical element, relations which create a geopolitical system. [4] Critical geopolitics deconstructs classical geopolitical theories, by showing their political or ideological functions for great powers.
Most definitions of geostrategy below emphasize the merger of strategic considerations with geopolitical factors. While geopolitics is ostensibly neutral — examining the geographic and political features of different regions, especially the impact of geography on politics — geostrategy involves comprehensive planning, assigning means for achieving national goals or securing assets of ...
Geopolitical economy is a contemporary Marxist approach to understanding the capitalist world historically. [1] It was proposed by Radhika Desai in her Geopolitical Economy: After US Hegemony, Globalization and Empire [2] as a critique of contemporary mainstream theories of International political economy (IPE) and International relations (IR). [3]
In the modern geopolitical landscape, a number of terms are used to describe various types of powers, which include the following: Hegemony: a state that has the power to shape the international system and "control the external behavior of all other states." [31] Hegemony can be regional or global. [32]
Aside from the development of the linen industry, Ireland was largely passed over by the Industrial Revolution, partly because it lacked coal and iron resources [76] [77] and partly because of the impact of the sudden union with the structurally superior economy of England, [78] which saw Ireland as a source of agricultural produce and capital ...