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Spermatocele is a fluid-filled cyst that develops in the epididymis. [3] The fluid is usually a clear or milky white color and may contain sperm. [4] Spermatoceles are typically filled with spermatozoa [5] and they can vary in size from several millimeters to many centimeters.
The exact cause of an epididymal cyst is unknown, but it is most likely a congenital anomaly associated with hormonal imbalances during embryonic life. [3] Previous research has shown a correlation between the development of epididymal cysts and maternal exposure to endocrine disrupting substances like diethylstilbestrol during male fetal development.
Tests are needed to distinguish chronic epididymitis from a range of other disorders that can cause constant scrotal pain including testicular cancer (though this is often painless), enlarged scrotal veins , calcifications, [15] and a possible cyst within the epididymis. Some research has found that as much as 80% of visits to a urologist for ...
However, transrectal ultrasound has a relatively low sensitivity of approx. 50% and thus is only a tool to rule-out cysts in the region of the orifices but is not sufficient to rule out an obstruction of the ejaculatory ducts due to other causes. In approx. 50% of cases of unexplained low-volume azoospermia MRI and TRUS do not reveal any ...
Though this can be used as both a diagnostic and removal procedure, it has proven to be effective. Successful procedures results in a tumor free area that is not prone recur. [6] When used as a diagnosis tool, the excision biopsy can collect a tissue sample from the tumor. Through histological evaluation the lesion can be categorized in the ...
Sperm granulomas appear as hard and firm nodules that do not exceed 1 cm in size. Sperm granulomas form in 20-50% of vasectomy procedures. [6] An injury to the epididymal epithelium is caused by penetration of germ cells into the epididymal supportive tissue. This infiltration of germ cells allows for the pathogenesis of sperm granulomas.