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Threose is a four-carbon monosaccharide with molecular formula C 4 H 8 O 4. It has a terminal aldehyde group, rather than a ketone , in its linear chain and so is considered part of the aldose family of monosaccharides.
The natural isomer is D-erythrose; it is a diastereomer of D-threose. [3] Fischer projections depicting the two enantiomers of erythrose. Erythrose was first isolated in 1849 from rhubarb by the French pharmacist Louis Feux Joseph Garot (1798-1869), [4] and was named as such because of its red hue in the presence of alkali metals ...
When drawn as a zig-zag chain, the erythro isomer has two identical substituents on different sides of the plane (anti). The names are derived from the diastereomeric four-carbon aldoses erythrose and threose .
A tetrose diphosphate molecule, D-threose 2,4-diphosphate, was discovered to be an inhibitor of glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate dehydrogenase. [3] Glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate dehydrogenase is the sixth enzyme used in the glycolysis pathway, and its function is to convert glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate into 1,3-bisphosphoglycerate . [ 6 ]
Examples of XNA are TNA, which uses threose, HNA, which uses 1,5-anhydrohexitol, GNA, which uses glycol, CeNA, which uses cyclohexene, LNA, which utilizes a form of ribose that contains an extra linkage between its 4' carbon and 2' oxygen, FANA, which uses arabinose but with a single fluorine atom attached to its 2' carbon, and PNA, which uses ...
Erythrose 4-phosphate is a phosphate of the simple sugar erythrose.It is an intermediate in the pentose phosphate pathway and the Calvin cycle. [1]The enzyme transaldolase catalyzes the formation of erythrose 4-phosphate and fructose 6-phosphate from sedoheptulose 7-phosphate and glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate. [2]
Ribulose is a ketopentose — a monosaccharide containing five carbon atoms, and including a ketone functional group.It has chemical formula C 5 H 10 O 5.Two enantiomers are possible, d-ribulose (d-erythro-pentulose) and l-ribulose (l-erythro-pentulose).
ErythroMer is a red blood substitute in development funded by the National Institutes of Health and U.S. Department of Defense. [1] Similar to other HBOCs, the product is stable for several months even when freeze-dried.