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Erythropoietin (/ ɪ ˌ r ɪ θ r oʊ ˈ p ɔɪ. ɪ t ɪ n,-r ə-,-p ɔɪ ˈ ɛ t ɪ n,-ˈ iː t ɪ n /; [1] [2] [3] EPO), also known as erythropoetin, haematopoietin, or haemopoietin, is a glycoprotein cytokine secreted mainly by the kidneys in response to cellular hypoxia; it stimulates red blood cell production (erythropoiesis) in the bone marrow.
Erythropoiesis (from Greek 'erythro' meaning "red" and 'poiesis' "to make") is the process which produces red blood cells (erythrocytes), which is the development from erythropoietic stem cell to mature red blood cell. [1] It is stimulated by decreased O 2 in circulation, which is detected by the kidneys, which then secrete the hormone ...
Donati felt this work "opened the road to EPO . . . because blood doping was a trial to understand the role of EPO". [36] Dr. Michele Ferrari, a former student and protege of Conconi, [37] had a controversial interview mentioning the drug in 1994, just after his Gewiss–Ballan team had a remarkable performance in the La Flèche Wallonne race.
Erythrose is a tetrose saccharide with the chemical formula C 4 H 8 O 4.It has one aldehyde group, and is thus part of the aldose family. The natural isomer is D-erythrose; it is a diastereomer of D-threose.
Two older prefixes still commonly used to distinguish diastereomers are threo and erythro. In the case of saccharides, when drawn in the Fischer projection the erythro isomer has two identical substituents on the same side and the threo isomer has them on opposite sides. [ 7 ]
Red blood cells (RBCs), referred to as erythrocytes (from Ancient Greek erythros 'red' and kytos 'hollow vessel', with -cyte translated as 'cell' in modern usage) in academia and medical publishing, also known as red cells, [1] erythroid cells, and rarely haematids, are the most common type of blood cell and the vertebrate's principal means of delivering oxygen (O 2) to the body tissues—via ...
Sodium erythorbate is produced from sugars derived from different sources, such as beets, sugarcane, and corn.These sugars are converted to ordinary D-glucose.[10] [11] [12] The glucose is converted to a 2-keto sugar acid intermediate, most commonly 2-keto-D-gluconic acid, by Pseudomonas fluorescens bacteria.
Also acid ionization constant or acidity constant. A quantitative measure of the strength of an acid in solution expressed as an equilibrium constant for a chemical dissociation reaction in the context of acid-base reactions. It is often given as its base-10 cologarithm, p K a. acid–base extraction A chemical reaction in which chemical species are separated from other acids and bases. acid ...