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David Plays the Harp for Saul, by Rembrandt van Rijn, c. 1650 and 1670. After Samuel tells Saul that God has rejected him as king, David, a son of Jesse, from the tribe of Judah, enters the story: from this point on Saul's story is largely the account of his increasingly troubled relationship with David.
David proved a successful commander, and as his popularity increased, so did Saul's jealousy. In the hope that the Philistines might kill David, Saul gives David his daughter Michal in marriage, provided that David slay a hundred Philistines and bring their foreskins to him; David returns with two-fold the requirement.
David (/ ˈ d eɪ v ɪ d /; Biblical Hebrew: דָּוִד , romanized: Dāwīḏ, "beloved one") [a] [5] was a king of ancient Israel and Judah and the third king of the United Monarchy, [6] [7] according to the Hebrew Bible and Old Testament.
Jonathan (Hebrew: יְהוֹנָתָן Yəhōnāṯān or יוֹנָתָן Yōnāṯān; "YHWH has gifted") is a figure in the Book of Samuel of the Hebrew Bible.In the biblical narrative, he is the eldest son of King Saul of the Kingdom of Israel, and a close friend of David.
A promise is made by David to extend his covenant with Jonathan to include Jonatan's 'house' (verse 15) and his 'descendants' (verse 42), anticipating David's kindness to Jonathan's son, Mephibosheth (2 Samuel 9) and the survival of the house of Saul.
Michal (/ m ɪ ˈ x ɑː l /; Hebrew: מִיכַל ; Greek: Μιχάλ) was, according to the first Book of Samuel, a princess of the United Kingdom of Israel; the younger daughter of King Saul, she was the first wife of David (1 Samuel 18:20–27), who later became king, first of Judah, then of all Israel, making her queen consort of Israel.
The part emphasizes that David is God's chosen king (1 Samuel 16:1–13; 'the LORD was with him' 1 Samuel 16:18; 18:14), but Saul was still king and David was careful not to take over the kingdom from God's anointed (1 Samuel 24:6; 26:9), even it is shown throughout that David was under blessing, while Saul was under curse. [5]
David refused to fight unethically, for instance when he had an opportunity to kill Saul in his sleep. According to the Old Testament, God honored David's high ethical standards and soon King David and his men, who had once hidden in the Cave of Adullam, were known throughout Israel for their deeds of valor.