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The Willys L134 (nicknamed Go Devil) is a straight-4 flathead automobile engine that was made famous in the Willys MB and Ford GPW Jeep produced during World War II. It powered nearly all the Jeep vehicles built for the U.S. and Allies. [1] It was later used in a variety of civilian Jeep vehicles.
1941 Willys T13/T14 'Super Jeep' – MB stretched to 6x6 and armed with a 37 mm gun motor carriage. Although cancelled in favor of the M6 gun motor carriage, the T14 was developed into the MT-TUG cargo/prime mover. 1941–1944 Willys MT "Super Jeep" — 6x6, 3⁄4-ton prototype — a small number were built in various configurations. [1]
The Willys MB and the Ford GPW, both formally called the U.S. Army truck, 1 ⁄ 4 ‑ton, 4×4, command reconnaissance, [9] [10] commonly known as the Willys Jeep, [nb 5] Jeep, or jeep, [12] and sometimes referred to by its Standard Army vehicle supply nr. G-503, [nb 6] were highly successful American off-road capable, light military utility ...
The GPA was powered by an in-line 4 cylinder engine with carburetor, that could produce about 60 hp. It had 4 wheel drive with a 3 speed transmission and 2-speed transfer case. It had two live axles on a leaf suspension, with 4 wheel drum brakes. The engine also could power a prop and a bilge pump. It had a spray shield and windshield wiper. [4]
In 1944, Willys-Overland, the primary manufacturer of the World War II military Jeep, built the first prototypes for a commercial version – the CJ, short for "civilian Jeep". [3] The design was a direct evolution from the war jeep, but the most obvious change was adding a tailgate, and relocating the spare wheel to the side.
The word "Jeep" was first used to describe US Army "midget cars" in a January 1941 newspaper article, mentioning "Bantam" as the manufacturer. [22] At the time American Bantam was the only manufacturer that had actually fulfilled purchase orders to deliver Jeeps to the US Army. Rumors say "Jeep" is a phonetic pronunciation of the abbreviation GP.
The M38 was a military version of the then-current civilian Jeep CJ-3A. [1] It differed from the CJ-3A in numerous ways, including a reinforced frame and suspension, [ 3 ] waterproof 24-volt electrical system, [ 1 ] sealed vent system for the engine, transmission, transfer case, fuel system [ 1 ] and brake system.
American services and supply played a crucial part in the World War II Siegfried Line campaign, which ran from the end of the pursuit of the German armies from Normandy in mid-September 1944 until December 1944, when the American forces were engulfed by the German Ardennes offensive.