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The pattern is lifted from the sand, leaving a molding cavity. A passageway for metal to enter the mold, called a "gate", is then cut from the sprue hole to the void left by the pattern, and a runner is cut from the sand to allow metal to flow into the riser. The flask is then put back together, and metal can be poured into the mold.
The top half of the mould is called the cope. In casting, a pattern is a replica of the object to be cast, used to form the sand mould cavity into which molten metal ...
The cope and drag (top and bottom halves, respectively) of a sand mold, with cores in place on the drag. Two sets of castings (bronze and aluminium) from the above sand mold. Sand casting, also known as sand molded casting, is a metal casting process characterized by using sand—known as casting sand—as the mold material. The term "sand ...
The shape of a flask may be square, rectangular, round or any convenient shape. A flask can have any size so long as it is larger than the pattern being used to make the sand mold. Flasks are commonly made of steel, aluminum or even wood. A simple flask has two parts: the cope and the drag. More elaborate flasks may have three or even four parts.
Cope: The top half of the pattern, flask, mold, or core. Drag: The bottom half of the pattern, flask, mold, or core. Core: An insert in the mold that produces internal features in the casting, such as holes. Core print: The region added to the pattern, core, or mold used to locate and support the core.
A split pattern has a top or upper section, called a cope, and a bottom or lower section called a drag. Both solid and split patterns can have cores inserted to complete the final part shape. Cores are used to create hollow areas in the mold that would otherwise be impossible to achieve. Where the cope and drag separates is called the parting line.
This is a third segment in the flask, in addition to the cope and drag. This allows the entire mold to be made from green sand and from removable patterns. The disadvantage of this is more mold-making operations are required, but it is usually advantageous when the quantities are low.
Its principal use is in making molds for metal casting. The largest portion of the aggregate is a sand, usually silica or sometimes olivine. [1] There are many recipes for the proportion of clay, but they all strike different balances between moldability, surface finish, and ability of the hot molten metal to degas.