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In The Text of the New Testament, Kurt and Barbara Aland compare the total number of variant-free verses, and the number of variants per page (excluding orthographic errors), among the seven major editions of the Greek NT (Tischendorf, Westcott-Hort, von Soden, Vogels, Merk, Bover, and Nestle–Aland) concluding 62.9%, or 4999/7947, agreement. [19]
After the death of Eberhard Nestle his son Erwin Nestle (1883–1972) took over the publication and contributed substantially to a constant improvement of the editions. [3] Since 1952 the edition occurred with the cooperation of Kurt Aland (21st edition). [2] The theological standard work "Nestle-Aland" appeared from 1993 in the 27th edition.
New Testament manuscripts in Greek can be categorized into five theoretical groups, [1] according to a schema introduced in 1981 by Kurt and Barbara Aland in The Text of the New Testament. [2] The categories are based on how each manuscript relates to the various theorized text-types .
Kurt Aland FBA (28 March 1915 – 13 April 1994) was a German theologian and biblical scholar who specialized in New Testament textual criticism.He founded the Institut für neutestamentliche Textforschung (Institute for New Testament Textual Research) in Münster and served as its first director from 1959 to 1983.
As part of the campaign, free copies of the Gospels of Luke, Matthew, the Book of Genesis and the Book of Psalms are being offered for download in .pdf format. [18] Short audio recordings of various scriptures have also been posted. Until July 31, 2010 a free printed copy of the entire New Testament was also being offered
Since the text gives the standard English reading, the Greek textual foundations are not identical to the United Bible Societies’ 4th edition Greek New Testament, but are closer to the textual basis of the New International Version 1978, and the Revised Standard Version 1971. The Common Edition was edited by T.E. Clontz.
Barbara Aland (née Ehlers, 12 April 1937 – 10 November 2024) was a German theologian and professor of New Testament Research and Church History at the University of Münster until 2002. She was internationally recognized for her work on the Novum Testamentum Graece and the Greek New Testament, which she undertook with her husband, Kurt Aland .
In the 27th edition of the Nestle-Åland's Greek New Testament (NA27), the critical apparatus also cites translations into Armenian, Georgian, Gothic, Ethiopian, and Church Slavonic languages. These translations are rarely cited and only when they have special significance for particular variants (e.g., Mk 16:8). [ 112 ]