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Several plants, including nightshade, become more toxic as they wilt and die, posing a danger to horses eating dried hay or plant matter blown into their pastures. [3] The risk of animals becoming ill during the fall is increased, as many plants slow their growth in preparation for winter, and equines begin to browse on the remaining plants.
Locoweed (also crazyweed and loco) is a common name in North America for any plant that produces swainsonine, an alkaloid harmful to livestock.Worldwide, swainsonine is produced by a small number of species, most of them in three genera of the flowering plant family Fabaceae: Oxytropis and Astragalus in North America, [1] and Swainsona in Australia.
The plant is poisonous, containing cardiostimulant compounds such as adonidin and aconitic acid. [42] Aesculus hippocastanum: horse-chestnut, buckeye, conker tree Sapindaceae: All parts of the raw plant are poisonous due to saponins and glycosides such as aesculin, causing nausea, muscle twitches, and sometimes paralysis. [43] Agave spp.
Among pyrrolizidine alkaloid-containing plants, Crotalaria species cause the greatest range of tissue damage to most domesticated species, causing lung lesions in cattle, sheep, goats, horses, and pigs, and liver damage in most livestock. [1] Some species produce severe kidney lesions [1]
Additionally, goats and horses forage differently, with goats preferring to eat weeds and vining plants (like poison ivy) while leaving tender grass shoots for the horses.
Thumbtack-like Tribulus terrestris burs are a hazard to bare feet and bicycle tires.. After the flower blooms, a fruit develops that easily falls apart into five burs. [3] The burs are hard and bear two to four sharp spines, [3] 10 mm (0.39 in) long and 4–6 mm (0.16–0.24 in) broad point-to-point.
Switchgrass is an excellent forage for cattle; however, it has shown toxicity in horses, sheep, and goats [49] [50] [51] through chemical compounds known as saponins, which cause photosensitivity and liver damage in these animals. Researchers are continuing to learn more about the specific conditions under which switchgrass causes harm to these ...
Plant Image Pests Artemisias: repels insects, [2] including ants, cabbage looper, cabbage maggot, carrot fly, codling moth, flea beetles, whiteflies, the Cabbage White, and the Small White, as well as mice [3] Basil: repels flies, including mosquitoes [2] [4] the carrot fly, asparagus beetles and whiteflies [3] Borage: repels tomato hornworm ...