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It is also popularly known as the Hays Code, after Will H. Hays, president of the Motion Picture Producers and Distributors of America (MPPDA) from 1922 to 1945. Under Hays's leadership, the MPPDA, later the Motion Picture Association of America (MPAA) and the Motion Picture Association (MPA), adopted the Production Code in 1930 and began ...
William Harrison Hays Sr. (/ h eɪ z /; November 5, 1879 – March 7, 1954) was an American politician, and member of the Republican Party. As chairman of the Republican National Committee from 1918 to 1921, Hays managed the successful 1920 presidential campaign of Warren G. Harding.
From the early days of the association, Hays spoke out against public censorship, [7] [8] and the MPPDA worked to raise support from the general public for the film industry's efforts against such censorship. [9] Large portions of the public opposed censorship, but also decried the lack of morals in movies. [10]
The association was headed by Will H. Hays, a well-connected Republican lawyer who had previously been United States Postmaster General; and he derailed attempts to institute federal censorship over the movies. In 1927, Hays compiled a list of subjects, culled from his experience with the various US censorship boards, which he felt Hollywood ...
Censorship is often used to impose moral values on society, as in the censorship of material considered obscene. English novelist E. M. Forster was a staunch opponent of censoring material on the grounds that it was obscene or immoral, raising the issue of moral subjectivity and the constant changing of moral values.
Pre-Code Hollywood was an era in the American film industry that occurred between the widespread adoption of sound in film in the late 1920s and the enforcement of the Motion Picture Production Code censorship guidelines (popularly known as the Hays Code) in 1934.
William B. Hays (1844–1912), Mayor of Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania; Will H. Hays (1879–1954), RNC chair, postmaster general, Hays Code film industry self-censorship advocate; William Hercules Hays (1820–1880), U.S. federal judge; William Shakespeare Hays (1837–1907), American poet and lyricist; William Torrance Hays (1837–1875), Ontario ...
Breen was a journalist and an "influential layperson" in the Catholic community. [5] Breen worked for Will H. Hays as a "troubleshooter" as early as 1931. [6]In 1933, the Roman Catholic National Legion of Decency was founded, and began to rate films independently, putting pressure on the industry.