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Plains hide painting is a traditional North American Plains Indian artistic practice of painting on either tanned or raw animal hides. Tipis , tipi liners, shields, parfleches , robes, clothing, drums, and winter counts could all be painted.
Tanning, or hide tanning, is the process of treating skins and hides of animals to produce leather. A tannery is the place where the skins are processed. Historically, vegetable based tanning used tannin , an acidic chemical compound derived from the bark of certain trees, in the production of leather.
Leather is a strong, flexible and durable material obtained from the tanning, or chemical treatment, of animal skins and hides to prevent decay. The most common leathers come from cattle , sheep , goats, equine animals, buffalo, pigs and hogs, ostriches, and aquatic animals such as seals and alligators.
After the 1870 invention of a new method to tan buffalo hides the supply of Plains Natives buffalo was decimated by commercial buffalo hunters. [43] The buffalo slaughter was detrimental to the Native peoples, their religion, and their nomadic lifestyle. With diminished buffalo herds the Plains Natives had no means of survival and independence.
The hides were used for buffalo-fur robes or were tanned, and the leather used for clothing, bags, shelter and other uses. The Mandan were known for their painted buffalo hides that often recorded historic events. The bones would be carved into items such as needles and fish hooks.
Rawhide is a simple hide product, that turns stiff. It was formerly used for binding pieces of wood together. Today it is mostly found in drum skins. Tanning of hides to manufacture leather was invented during the Paleolithic. Parchment for use in writing was introduced during the Bronze Age and later refined into vellum, before paper became ...
splitting - the leather is split into one or more horizontal layers. shaving - the leather is thinned using a machine which cuts leather fibres off. neutralisation - the pH of the leather is adjusted to a value between 4.5 and 6.5. retanning - additional tanning agents are added to impart properties. dyeing - the leather is coloured.
J. Wright Mooar (born August 10, 1851, in Vermont, d. May 1, 1940 in Snyder, Texas) was an American buffalo (bison) hunter.By the age of twenty, Mooar was hunting buffalo in Kansas, first for meat, and later for hides which he sent to his brother John Mooar in New York.