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In the United States, daptomycin is indicated for use in adults for skin and skin structure infections caused by Gram-positive infections, S. aureus bacteraemia, and right-sided S. aureus endocarditis. [4] It binds avidly to pulmonary surfactant, so cannot be used in the treatment of pneumonia. [10]
Pulmonary surfactant thus greatly reduces surface tension, increasing compliance allowing the lung to inflate much more easily, thereby reducing the work of breathing. It reduces the pressure difference needed to allow the lung to inflate. The lung's compliance, and ventilation decrease when lung tissue becomes diseased and fibrotic. [3]
Lung surfactant (LS) is a surface-active material produced by most air-breathing animals for the purpose of reducing the surface tension of the water layer where gas exchange occurs in the lungs, given that the movements due to inhalation and exhalation may cause damage if there is not enough energy to sustain alveolar structural integrity.
Daptomycin: Cubicin: Gram-positive organisms, but is inhibited by pulmonary surfactant so less effective against pneumonias: Binds to the membrane and cause rapid depolarization, resulting in a loss of membrane potential leading to inhibition of protein, DNA and RNA synthesis. Macrolides(Bs) Azithromycin: Zithromax, Sumamed, Xithrone
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Pulmonary surfactant may be isolated from the lungs of cows or pigs or made artificially. [1] [3] [4] Pulmonary surfactant was discovered in the 1950s and a manufactured version was approved for medical use in the United States in 1990. [3] It is on the World Health Organization's List of Essential Medicines. [5]