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The diagram shows the major fluxes of silicon in the current ocean. Most biogenic silica in the ocean (silica produced by biological activity) comes from diatoms. Diatoms extract dissolved silicic acid from surface waters as they grow, and return it to the water column when they die.
Some pennate diatoms also exhibit a fissure along their longitudinal axis. This is known as a raphe, and is involved in gliding movements made by diatom cells; motile diatoms always possess a raphe. In terms of cell cycle , vegetative cells are diploid and undergo mitosis during normal cell division .
As the diatom divides, each daughter retains one theca of the original frustule and produces one new theca. This means that one daughter cell is the same size as the parent (epitheca and new hypotheca) while in the other daughter the old hypotheca becomes the epitheca which together with a new and slightly smaller hypotheca comprises a smaller ...
Thalassiosira pseudonana is a species of marine centric diatoms.It was chosen as the first eukaryotic marine phytoplankton for whole genome sequencing. [1] T. pseudonana was selected for this study because it is a model for diatom physiology studies, belongs to a genus widely distributed throughout the world's oceans, and has a relatively small genome at 34 mega base pairs.
Medlin and co-workers erected a new class, Mediophyceae (which could be re-ranked a subclass if diatoms as a whole are ranked as a class rather than a phylum) for the "polar centric" diatoms, which they consider to be more closely related to the pennate rather than to other centric diatoms, a concept which has been followed or further adapted ...
The Coscinodiscophyceae are a class(s) of diatoms. [1] They are similar to the Centrales, a traditional, paraphyletic subdivision of the heterokont algae known as diatoms. [2] [3] [4] The order is named for the shape of the cell walls (or valves or frustules) of centric diatoms, which are circular or ellipsoid in valve view.
The frustule possesses an unusual double-layered structure. Transmission electron microscopy revealed that the frustule was nearly empty and that the protoplasm with mitochondria occupied a very small part of the cell. However, it is uncertain whether the mitochondria belonged to Solenicola or the diatom.
Diatoms are eukaryotic organisms in the phylum Bacillariophyta. This page contains articles about diatoms and diatomists.. Older classifications used to subdivide diatoms into Centrales and Pennales (with Bacillariophyceae used as a class), whereas more recent ones use a three classes system: Bacillariophyceae, Coscinodiscophyceae and Fragilariophyceae.