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History and development. The Gurmukhī script is generally believed to have roots in the Proto-Sinaitic alphabet [11] by way of the Brahmi script, [12] which developed further into the Northwestern group (Sharada, or Śāradā, and its descendants, including Landa and Takri), the Central group (Nagari and its descendants, including Devanagari ...
Shahmukhi (Punjabi: شاہ مُکھی, pronounced [ʃäː (ɦ)˦.mʊ.kʰiː], lit. 'from the Shah's or king's mouth'; Gurmukhi: ਸ਼ਾਹਮੁਖੀ) is the right-to-left abjad -based script developed from the Perso-Arabic alphabet used for the Punjabi language varieties, predominantly in Punjab, Pakistan. [1][2][3][4] It is generally ...
The entire Guru Granth Sahib is written in the Gurmukhi script, which was standardized by Guru Angad in the 16th century. According to Sikh tradition and the Mahman Prakash , an early Sikh manuscript, Guru Angad Dev had taught and spread Gurmukhi at the suggestion of Guru Nanak Dev who invented the Gurmukhi script.
In India, Punjabi is written in the Gurmukhī script in offices, schools, and media. Gurmukhi is the official standard script for Punjabi, though it is often unofficially written in the Latin scripts due to influence from English, one of India's two primary official languages at the Union-level.
Suraj Prakash (Gurmukhi: ਸੂਰਜ ਪ੍ਰਕਾਸ਼), also called Gurpartāp Sūraj Granth (Gurmukhi: ਗੁਰ ਪ੍ਰਤਾਪ ਸੂਰਜ ਗ੍ਰੰਥ lit. "The Sun-like Illumination of the Guru's Glory"), [1] is a popular and monumental hagiographic text about Sikh Gurus written by Kavi Santokh Singh (1787–1843) and ...
Sant Bhasha (Gurmukhi: ਸੰਤ-ਭਾਸ਼ਾ; romanized: Sant Bhāṣā; lit. ' language of saints ') is a liturgical and scriptural language composed of vocabulary common to northern Indian languages, which was extensively used by saints and poets to compose religious verses.
Santhiya or Santhya (Gurmukhi: ਸੰਥਿਆ, romanized: Sathi'ā; ' elocution ') is the correct pronunciation (ucharan[1]) of Gurbani, [2][3] taught in the manner of the 10th Sikh Guru, Guru Gobind Singh. [4] It is comparable to the Islamic tajwid. Santhiya is almost always taught via a giani (also known as an Ustadh or Gurdev), who then ...
e. Guru Angad (31 March 1504 – 29 March 1552; [2] Gurmukhi: ਗੁਰੂ ਅੰਗਦ, pronunciation: [gʊɾuː əŋgəd̯ᵊ]) was the second of the ten Sikh gurus of Sikhism. After meeting Guru Nanak, the founder of Sikhism, becoming a Sikh, and serving and working with Nanak for many years, Nanak gave Lehna the name Angad ("my own limb ...