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In modern economic literature, the most common measure of a taxpayer's loss from a distortionary tax, such as a tax on bicycles, is the equivalent variation, the maximum amount that a taxpayer would be willing to forgo in a lump sum to avoid the tax. The deadweight loss can then be interpreted as the difference between the equivalent variation ...
Data envelopment analysis (DEA) is a nonparametric method in operations research and economics for the estimation of production frontiers. [1] DEA has been applied in a large range of fields including international banking, economic sustainability, police department operations, and logistical applications [2] [3] [4] Additionally, DEA has been used to assess the performance of natural language ...
In an economic model, an exogenous variable is one whose measure is determined outside the model and is imposed on the model, and an exogenous change is a change in an exogenous variable. [1]: p. 8 [2]: p. 202 [3]: p. 8 In contrast, an endogenous variable is a variable whose measure is determined by the model. An endogenous change is a change ...
A complete handout about the Lorenz curve including various applications, including an Excel spreadsheet graphing Lorenz curves and calculating Gini coefficients as well as coefficients of variation. LORENZ 3.0 is a Mathematica notebook which draw sample Lorenz curves and calculates Gini coefficients and Lorenz asymmetry coefficients from data ...
Econometrics is an application of statistical methods to economic data in order to give empirical content to economic relationships. [1] More precisely, it is "the quantitative analysis of actual economic phenomena based on the concurrent development of theory and observation, related by appropriate methods of inference."
The dynamic lot-size model in inventory theory, is a generalization of the economic order quantity model that takes into account that demand for the product varies over time. The model was introduced by Harvey M. Wagner and Thomson M. Whitin in 1958.
Origin Workbook with sparklines above data columns; this allows a quick glance of the data without plotting them. Origin is primarily a GUI software with a spreadsheet front end. Unlike popular spreadsheets like Excel, Origin's worksheet is column oriented. Each column has associated attributes like name, units and other user definable labels.
All superlative indices produce similar results and are generally the favored formulas for calculating price indices. [14] A superlative index is defined technically as "an index that is exact for a flexible functional form that can provide a second-order approximation to other twice-differentiable functions around the same point." [15]