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A democracy is a political system, or a system of decision-making within an institution, organization, or state, in which members have a share of power. [2] Modern democracies are characterized by two capabilities of their citizens that differentiate them fundamentally from earlier forms of government: to intervene in society and have their sovereign (e.g., their representatives) held ...
20th-century transitions to liberal democracy have come in successive "waves of democracy", variously resulting from wars, revolutions, decolonisation, and religious and economic circumstances. [11] Global waves of "democratic regression" reversing democratization, have also occurred in the 1920s and 30s, in the 1960s and 1970s, and in the 2010s.
The Bantu expansion constituted a major series of migrations of Bantu-speaking peoples from Central Africa to Eastern and Southern Africa and was substantial in the settling of the continent. [111] Commencing in the 2nd millennium BC, the Bantu began to migrate from Cameroon to the Congo Basin , and eastward to the Great Lakes region to form ...
The coast of East Africa contained a string of trading cities connected to kingdoms in the interior. [97] The Horn of Africa was dominated by the Ethiopian Empire by the 13th and 14th centuries. [97] South from it were the Swahili cities of Mogadishu, Mombasa, Zanzibar, Kilwa, and Sofala. [98] By the 14th century, Kilwa had conquered most of ...
The top 3 African countries ranked by V-Dem Democracy indices Electoral Democracy metric in 2024 were Cape Verde, Seychelles, and South Africa. [2] The Freedom Index ranks states based on the protection of 'political and civil liberties and freedoms' that individuals receive including the freedom to participate in elections. [3]
South Africa is in a moment of deep soul-searching after an election that brought a jarring split from the African National Congress, the very party that gave it freedom and democracy 30 years ago.
Former anti-apartheid student protest leader Seth Mazibuko is among activists and educators who believe a crisis is hollowing out the country’s education system.
History after 1958; red: British rule, green: democracy; yellow: dictatorship; names: Heads of government with at least 3 years in office. In order to keep the "Giant of Africa" under control and partly because of racial ideology, [142] the