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The earliest Swiss Guard unit to be established on a permanent basis was the Hundred Swiss (Cent-Suisses), which served at the French court from 1490 to 1817. This small force was complemented in 1616 by a Swiss Guards regiment. In the 18th and early 19th centuries several other Swiss Guard units existed for periods in various European courts.
A Social History of the French Revolution. Routledge: University of Toronto Press. ISBN 0-710-06525-6. Kropotkin, Peter (1929). The Great French Revolution 1789–1793. Vol. I. New York: Vanguard Press. OL 5222400M. Lefebvre, Georges (1962). The French Revolution: From Its Origins to 1793. Vol. I. New York: Columbia University Press. ISBN 0-231 ...
The Pontifical Swiss Guard, [note 1] also known as the Papal Swiss Guard or simply Swiss Guard, [4] is an armed forces (in the past), guard of honour, and protective security unit (main role) maintained by the Holy See that protects the Pope and the Apostolic Palace within the territory of the Vatican City State.
Bachmann was in direct charge of the 900 Swiss Guards present during the Insurrection of 10 August 1792, when French revolutionaries stormed the Tuileries Palace.The nominal commander of the Guard, the elderly Colonel Louis-Auguste-Augustin d'Affry, was in poor health and had delegated Bachmann to bring the regiment into central Paris during the evening of 9 August. [2]
It commemorates the Swiss Guards who were killed in 1792 during the French Revolution, when revolutionaries stormed the Tuileries Palace in Paris. It is one of the most famous monuments in Switzerland, visited annually by about 1.4 million tourists. [1] In 2006, it was placed under Swiss monument protection. [2]
The first was retained because of its close ties to the Royal Court, the French and Swiss Guards because they comprised the largest, and historically most effective, infantry components of the Maison du Roi. At the French Revolution's outbreak in July 1789, the French Guards defected from the monarchy and joined in the attack on the Bastille.
Most of the National Guard defected to the rebels and eventually the Tuileries were successfully stormed and most of the remaining Swiss guards slaughtered. Louis became a de facto prisoner of the Assembly, was stripped from his kingship and the royal family was imprisoned in the Temple on 13 August. The monarchy was not abolished yet, however ...
Soldiers of the French Revolution (1989) Forrest, Alan. Conscripts and Deserters: The Army and French Society during Revolution and the Empire (1989) excerpt and text search; Griffith, Paddy. The Art of War of Revolutionary France, 1789–1802 (1998) excerpt and text search; Hazen, Charles Downer – The French Revolution (2 vol 1932) 948 pages.