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Together with intravenous antibiotics, drainage [8] —either percutaneous or retrograde with a ureteral stent [9] —has become the cornerstone of treatment since the development of ultrasonography and computed tomography (CT) scanning. Drainage offers a great outcome with low rates of morbidity and mortality.
People with acute pyelonephritis that is accompanied by high fever and leukocytosis are typically admitted to the hospital for intravenous hydration and intravenous antibiotic treatment. Treatment is typically initiated with an intravenous fluoroquinolone, an aminoglycoside, an extended-spectrum penicillin or cephalosporin, or a carbapenem ...
Fosfomycin can be used as an effective treatment for both UTIs and complicated UTIs including acute pyelonephritis. [89] The standard regimen for complicated UTIs is an oral 3g dose administered once every 48 or 72 hours for a total of 3 doses or a 6 grams every 8 hours for 7 days to 14 days when fosfomycin is given in IV form.
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The British National Formulary (BNF) is a United Kingdom (UK) pharmaceutical reference book that contains a wide spectrum of information and advice on prescribing and pharmacology, along with specific facts and details about many medicines available on the UK National Health Service (NHS).
Nephrology is a specialty for both adult internal medicine and pediatric medicine that concerns the study of the kidneys, specifically normal kidney function (renal physiology) and kidney disease (renal pathophysiology), the preservation of kidney health, and the treatment of kidney disease, from diet and medication to renal replacement therapy (dialysis and kidney transplantation).
Pyelonephritis is inflammation that results from a urinary tract infection that reaches the renal pelvis of the kidney. [6] Lupus nephritis is inflammation of the kidney caused by systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), a disease of the immune system. [7] Athletic nephritis is nephritis resulting from strenuous exercise. [8]
Trimethoprim is NOT a suitable treatment for pyelonephritis. Although it works very well for cystitis when the causative bacterium is susceptible, it cannot work when the kidney is infected in cases of pyelonephritis. This is because it acts to block folic acid synthesis in bacteria. The bloodstream, which supplies the kidney, is a rich source ...