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  2. Preorder - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Preorder

    A preorder that is symmetric is an equivalence relation; it can be thought of as having lost the direction markers on the edges of the graph. In general, a preorder's corresponding directed graph may have many disconnected components. As a binary relation, a preorder may be denoted or .

  3. Pre-order - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pre-order

    Pre-order. A pre-order is an order placed for an item that has not yet been released. The idea for pre-orders came because people found it hard to get popular items in stores because of their popularity. Companies then had the idea to allow customers to reserve their personal copy before its release, which has been a huge success.

  4. Tree traversal - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tree_traversal

    Tree traversal. In computer science, tree traversal (also known as tree search and walking the tree) is a form of graph traversal and refers to the process of visiting (e.g. retrieving, updating, or deleting) each node in a tree data structure, exactly once. Such traversals are classified by the order in which the nodes are visited.

  5. Order theory - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Order_theory

    Order theory. Order theory is a branch of mathematics that investigates the intuitive notion of order using binary relations. It provides a formal framework for describing statements such as "this is less than that" or "this precedes that". This article introduces the field and provides basic definitions.

  6. Weak ordering - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Weak_ordering

    A total preorder or weak order is a preorder in which any two elements are comparable. [7] A total preorder satisfies the following properties: A total order is a total preorder which is antisymmetric, in other words, which is also a partial order. Total preorders are sometimes also called preference relations.

  7. Over 8 Decades in, Cartoonist Jules Feiffer Is Still Having ...

    www.aol.com/lifestyle/over-8-decades-cartoonist...

    Amazing Grapes by Jules Feiffer is out Sept. 24 and available for preorder now, wherever books are sold. For more People news, make sure to sign up for our newsletter!

  8. Directed set - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Directed_set

    Directed set. In mathematics, a directed set (or a directed preorder or a filtered set) is a nonempty set together with a reflexive and transitive binary relation (that is, a preorder), with the additional property that every pair of elements has an upper bound. [1] In other words, for any and in there must exist in with and A directed set's ...

  9. Specialization (pre)order - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Specialization_(pre)order

    Specialization (pre)order. In the branch of mathematics known as topology, the specialization (or canonical) preorder is a natural preorder on the set of the points of a topological space. For most spaces that are considered in practice, namely for all those that satisfy the T 0 separation axiom, this preorder is even a partial order (called ...