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Synaptic plasticity rule for gradient estimation by dynamic perturbation of conductances. In neuroscience, synaptic plasticity is the ability of synapses to strengthen or weaken over time, in response to increases or decreases in their activity. [1] Since memories are postulated to be represented by vastly interconnected neural circuits in the ...
Synaptogenesis is the formation of synapses between neurons in the nervous system. Although it occurs throughout a healthy person's lifespan, an explosion of synapse formation occurs during early brain development, known as exuberant synaptogenesis. [ 1 ] Synaptogenesis is particularly important during an individual's critical period, during ...
FOXP2 is also required for the proper development of speech and language in humans. [7] In humans, mutations in FOXP2 cause the severe speech and language disorder developmental verbal dyspraxia . [ 7 ] [ 8 ] Studies of the gene in mice and songbirds indicate that it is necessary for vocal imitation and the related motor learning.
Synapse. Diagram of a chemical synaptic connection. In the nervous system, a synapse[1] is a structure that permits a neuron (or nerve cell) to pass an electrical or chemical signal to another neuron or to the target effector cell. Synapses are essential to the transmission of nervous impulses from one neuron to another, [2] playing a key role ...
Chemical synapses allow neurons to form circuits within the central nervous system. They are crucial to the biological computations that underlie perception and thought. They allow the nervous system to connect to and control other systems of the body. At a chemical synapse, one neuron releases neurotransmitter molecules into a small space (the ...
The release of neurotransmitter at a ribbon synapse, in turn, generates an action potential in the connected auditory-nerve fiber. [7] Hyperpolarization of the hair cell, which occurs when potassium leaves the cell, is also important, as it stops the influx of calcium and therefore stops the fusion of vesicles at the ribbon synapses.
The trisynaptic circuit or trisynaptic loop is a relay of synaptic transmission in the hippocampus. The trisynaptic circuit is a neural circuit in the hippocampus, which is made up of three major cell groups: granule cells in the dentate gyrus, pyramidal neurons in CA3, and pyramidal neurons in CA1. The hippocampal relay involves 3 main regions ...
Visualization of fibers was done using TrackVis software. [1] A connectome (/ kəˈnɛktoʊm /) is a comprehensive map of neural connections in the brain, and may be thought of as its "wiring diagram". [2] An organism 's nervous system is made up of neurons which communicate through synapses. A connectome is constructed by tracing the neuron in ...