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The Mesozoic Era[3] is the era of Earth's geological history, lasting from about 252 to 66 million years ago, comprising the Triassic, Jurassic and Cretaceous Periods. It is characterized by the dominance of gymnosperms and of archosaurian reptiles, such as the dinosaurs; a hot greenhouse climate; and the tectonic break-up of Pangaea.
The geological history of the Earth follows the major geological events in Earth's past based on the geological time scale, a system of chronological measurement based on the study of the planet's rock layers (stratigraphy). Earth formed about 4.54 billion years ago by accretion from the solar nebula, a disk-shaped mass of dust and gas left ...
The Jurassic (/ dʒʊˈræsɪk / juurr-ASS-ik[2]) is a geologic period and stratigraphic system that spanned from the end of the Triassic Period 201.4 million years ago (Mya) to the beginning of the Cretaceous Period, approximately 145 Mya. The Jurassic constitutes the middle period of the Mesozoic Era and is named after the Jura Mountains ...
The Triassic (/ traɪˈæsɪk / try-ASS-ik; sometimes symbolized 🝈) [8] is a geologic period and system which spans 50.5 million years from the end of the Permian Period 251.902 million years ago (Mya), to the beginning of the Jurassic Period 201.4 Mya. [9] The Triassic is the first and shortest period of the Mesozoic Era.
An era is the second largest geochronologic time unit and is equivalent to a chronostratigraphic erathem. [ 11 ] [ 16 ] There are ten defined eras: the Eoarchean , Paleoarchean , Mesoarchean , Neoarchean , Paleoproterozoic , Mesoproterozoic , Neoproterozoic , Paleozoic , Mesozoic and Cenozoic , with none from the Hadean eon.
The Cretaceous (IPA: / krɪˈteɪʃəs / krih-TAY-shəss) [2] is a geological period that lasted from about 145 to 66 million years ago (Mya). It is the third and final period of the Mesozoic Era, as well as the longest. At around 79 million years, it is the longest geological period of the entire Phanerozoic. The name is derived from the Latin ...
Pangaea or Pangea (/ p æ n ˈ dʒ iː. ə /) [1] was a supercontinent that existed during the late Paleozoic and early Mesozoic eras. [2] It assembled from the earlier continental units of Gondwana , Euramerica and Siberia during the Carboniferous approximately 335 million years ago, and began to break apart about 200 million years ago, at the ...
The mode of Mesozoic dinosaur body masses is between 1 and 10 metric tons (1.1 and 11.0 short tons). [139] This contrasts sharply with the average size of Cenozoic mammals, estimated by the National Museum of Natural History as about 2 to 5 kg (4.4 to 11.0 lb). [140] The sauropods were the largest and heaviest dinosaurs.