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English: Lim, Griffiths, and Sambrook (2010) developed the Hierarchy-Community Phenotype Model of Organizational Structure borrowing from the concept of Phenotype from genetics. "A phenotype refers to the observable characteristics of an organism. It results from the expression of an organism’s genes and the influence of the environment.
X.500. X.500 is a series of computer networking standards covering electronic directory services. The X.500 series was developed by the Telecommunication Standardization Sector of the International Telecommunication Union (ITU-T). ITU-T was formerly known as the Consultative Committee for International Telephony and Telegraphy (CCITT).
A hierarchical organization or hierarchical organisation (see spelling differences) is an organizational structure where every entity in the organization, except one, is subordinate to a single other entity. [1] This arrangement is a form of hierarchy. In an organization, this hierarchy usually consists of a singular/group of power at the top ...
The Pentagon, headquarters of the United States Department of Defense.. The United States Department of Defense (DoD) has a complex organizational structure.It includes the Army, Navy, the Marine Corps, Air Force, Space Force, the Unified combatant commands, U.S. elements of multinational commands (such as NATO and NORAD), as well as non-combat agencies such as the Defense Intelligence Agency ...
Hierarchical database model. A hierarchical database model is a data model in which the data are organized into a tree -like structure. The data are stored as records which are connected to one another through links. A record is a collection of fields, with each field containing only one value. The type of a record defines which fields the ...
An organizational structure defines how activities such as task allocation, coordination, and supervision are directed toward the achievement of organizational aims. [1] Organizational structure affects organizational action and provides the foundation on which standard operating procedures and routines rest. It determines which individuals get ...
Conway's law. Conway's law describes the link between communication structure of organizations and the systems they design. It is named after the computer programmer Melvin Conway, who introduced the idea in 1967. [1] His original wording was: [2][3] [O]rganizations which design systems (in the broad sense used here) are constrained to produce ...
Flat organization. A flat organization (also known as horizontal organization or flat hierarchy) is an organizational structure with few or no levels of middle management between staff and executives. An organizational structure refers to the nature of the distribution of the units and positions within it, and also to the nature of the ...