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The hyphen ‐ is a punctuation mark used to join words and to separate syllables of a single word. The use of hyphens is called hyphenation. [1]The hyphen is sometimes confused with dashes (en dash –, em dash — and others), which are wider, or with the minus sign −, which is also wider and usually drawn a little higher to match the crossbar in the plus sign +.
[6] [1] The word period was used as a name for what printers often called the "full point", the punctuation mark that was a dot on the baseline and used in several situations. The phrase full stop was only used to refer to the punctuation mark when it was used to terminate a sentence. [ 1 ]
Hours under 10 should have a leading zero (08:15). The time 00:00 refers to midnight at the start of a date, 12:00 to noon, and 24:00 to midnight at the end of a date, but 24 should not be used for the first hour of the next day (e.g. use 00:10 for ten minutes after midnight, not 24:10).
In traditional American usage, dates are written in the month–day–year order (e.g. September 18, 2024) with a comma before and after the year if it is not at the end of a sentence [2] and time in 12-hour notation (6:20 pm). International date and time formats typically follow the ISO 8601 format (2024-09-18) for all-numeric dates, [3] write ...
Fractions as modifiers are hyphenated: "two-thirds majority", but if numerator or denominator are already hyphenated, the fraction itself does not take a hyphen: "a thirty-three thousandth part". (Fractions used as nouns have no hyphens: "I ate two thirds of the pie.") Comparatives and superlatives in compound adjectives also take hyphens:
A period is not used between person and number, e.g. 1PL, 2SG, 1DU, 3NSG (nonsingular). [ 2 ] [optional in place of period] when the language of the gloss lacks a one-word translation, a phrase may be joined by underscores, e.g., Turkish çık-mak (come_out- INF ) "to come out"
9.9.2.2 In compounds when the connection might otherwise be expressed with to, versus, and, or between 9.9.2.3 Instead of a hyphen, use an en dash when applying a prefix or suffix to a compound that itself includes a space, dash or hyphen
The dash ( ‒, –, —, ― ) and hyphen or hyphen-minus ( ‐ ) is used: as a line continuation when a word is broken across two lines; to apply a prefix to a word for which there is no canonical compound word; as a replacement for a comma, when the subsequent clause significantly shifts the primary focus of the preceding text.