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The Treaty establishing a Constitution for Europe (TCE; commonly referred to as the European Constitution or as the Constitutional Treaty) was an unratified international treaty intended to create a consolidated constitution for the European Union (EU). It would have replaced the existing European Union treaties with a single text, given legal ...
The 3 May Constitution has been called the second constitution in world history. [127] [56] Constitutional-law expert Albert Blaustein calls it the "world's second national constitution", [128] and Bill Moyers writes that it was "Europe's first codified national constitution (and the second oldest in the world)."
Medieval music encompasses the sacred and secular music of Western Europe during the Middle Ages, [1] from approximately the 6th to 15th centuries. It is the first and longest major era of Western classical music and is followed by the Renaissance music; the two eras comprise what musicologists generally term as early music, preceding the common practice period.
The Anthem of Europe or European Anthem, also known as Ode to Joy, is a piece of instrumental music adapted from the prelude of the final movement of Beethoven 's 9th Symphony composed in 1823, originally set to words adapted from Friedrich Schiller 's 1785 poem "Ode to Joy". In 1972, the Council of Europe adopted it as an anthem to represent ...
t. e. " Du gamla, du fria " (Swedish pronunciation: [dʉː ˈɡâmːla dʉː ˈfrîːa], English: "Thou old, Thou free") is the de facto national anthem of Sweden. It was originally named " Sång till Norden " (pronounced [ˈsɔŋː tɪl ˈnǔːɖɛn], "Song to the North "), but the incipit has since been adopted as the title.
Other countries had their anthems composed by locally important people. This is the case for Colombia, whose anthem's lyrics were written by former president and poet Rafael Nuñez, who also wrote the country's first constitution, and in Malta, written by Dun Karm Psaila, already a National Poet.
Contents. Ja, vi elsker dette landet. " Ja, vi elsker dette landet " (Norwegian pronunciation: [ˈjɑː viː ˈɛ̂lskə ˈɖɛ̂tːə ˈlɑ̀nːə] ⓘ; English: "Yes, we love this country") is the Norwegian national anthem. Originally a patriotic song, it came to be commonly regarded as the de facto national anthem of Norway in the early 20th ...
The royal anthem of Luxembourg (called " De Wilhelmus ") is a variation on the "Wilhelmus". The melody was first used in Luxembourg (at the time in personal union with the Kingdom of the United Netherlands) on the occasion of the visit of the Dutch King and Grand Duke of Luxembourg William III in 1883. Later, the anthem was played for Grand ...