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Accounts receivable represents money owed by entities to the firm on the sale of products or services on credit. In most business entities, accounts receivable is typically executed by generating an invoice and either mailing or electronically delivering it to the customer, who, in turn, must pay it within an established timeframe, called credit terms [citation needed] or payment terms.
In double-entry bookkeeping, a sale of merchandise is recorded in the general journal as a debit to cash or accounts receivable and a credit to the sales account. [3] The amount recorded is the actual monetary value of the transaction, not the list price of the merchandise. A discount from list price might be noted if it applies to the sale.
The deferred gross profit is an A/R contra-account and is the difference between gross profit and recognized income and is calculated as follows: $360,000 − $90,000 = $270,000. The deferred gross profit is thus deferred and recognized in income in subsequent periods, i.e. when the installment receivables are collected in cash.
accounts receivable (current asset) inventory (current asset), and; accounts payable (current liability) The current portion of debt (payable within 12 months) is critical because it represents a short-term claim to current assets and is often secured by long-term assets. Common types of short-term debt are bank loans and lines of credit.
Also excluded are the accounts receivable from bankrupt customers [8] and accounts receivable that are too old [9] – usually over 90 days past due [10] (in some cases over 120 days past due. [11]) Different proportions (or 'advance rates') of accounts receivable and of the inventory are included into borrowing base.
Accounts receivable refers to the outstanding balance of accounts receivable at a point in time here whereas average sales per day is the mean sales computed over some period of time. This can be annual as in the formula above, or it can be any period of time considered useful to the company.
The Gross Annual Value is also used in the United Kingdom as the basis for calculating Income tax from property following the replacement of property rates with the Community Charge. [4] It has in some cases become a more general term to refer to the annual value of an asset before expenses incurred relating to the ownership of the asset.
In accounting and finance, an accrual is an asset or liability that represents revenue or expenses that are receivable or payable but which have not yet been paid.. In accrual accounting, the term accrued revenue refers to income that is recognized at the time a company delivers a service or good, even though the company has not yet been paid.