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Anglo-Norman (Norman: Anglo-Normaund; French: Anglo-normand), also known as Anglo-Norman French, was a dialect of Old Norman that was used in England and, to a lesser extent, other places in Great Britain and Ireland during the Anglo-Norman period.
Norman or Norman French (Normaund, French: Normand ⓘ, Guernésiais: Normand, Jèrriais: Nouormand) is a langue d'oïl. [5] [6] The name "Norman French" is sometimes also used to describe the administrative languages of Anglo-Norman and Law French used in England.
The Anglo-Normans (Norman: Anglo-Normaunds, Old English: Engel-Norðmandisca) were the medieval ruling class in the Kingdom of England following the Norman Conquest. They were primarily a combination of Normans , Bretons , Flemings , Frenchmen , Anglo-Saxons and Celtic Britons .
The Anglo-Norman Dictionary (AND) is a dictionary of the Anglo-Norman language [1] as attested from the British Isles (England, Wales, Scotland and Ireland) between 1066 (the Norman Conquest) and the end of the fifteenth century. The first edition was first proposed in 1945 and published in seven volumes between 1977 and 1992. [2]
From the region of what is now called Normandy, the language spread into England, Southern Italy, Sicily and the Levant. It is the ancestor of modern Norman, including the insular dialects (such as Jèrriais), as well as Anglo-Norman. Old Norman was an important language of the Principality of Antioch during Crusader rule in the Levant. [2]
The Norman Conquest of England in 1066 saw the replacement of the top levels of the English-speaking political and ecclesiastical hierarchies by Norman rulers who spoke a dialect of Old French, now known as Old Norman, which developed in England into Anglo-Norman. The use of Norman as the preferred language of literature and polite discourse ...
Most of the French vocabulary in English entered the language after the Norman Conquest in 1066. Old French, specifically the Old Norman dialect, became the language of the new Anglo-Norman court, the government, and the elites. That period lasted for several centuries through the Hundred Years' War (1337–1453). However, English has continued ...
Old Norman was also an important language of the Principality of Antioch during Crusader rule in the Levant. [57] Old Norman and Anglo-Norman literature was quite extensive during the Middle Ages, with records existing from notable Norman poets such as Wace, who was born on the island of Jersey and raised in mainland Normandy. [58]