Search results
Results From The WOW.Com Content Network
Drilling and blasting is the controlled use of explosives and other methods, such as gas pressure blasting pyrotechnics, to break rock for excavation. It is practiced most often in mining, quarrying and civil engineering such as dam, tunnel or road construction. The result of rock blasting is often known as a rock cut.
The history of construction with stone goes back thousands of years, to before the age of the pyramids, but these constructions used muscle energy to cut stones, typically with considerable fixer stonemasonry on site. In modern architecture, stone had been used in a number of contexts, even prior to the development of the massive-precut method.
The key to development in efficiency was the invention of continuous kilns, avoiding the wasteful heat-up and cool-down cycles of the batch kilns. The first were simple shaft kilns, similar in construction to blast furnaces. These are counter-current shaft kilns. Modern variants include regenerative and annular kilns.
A 15-storey apartment building in La Tourette (Marseille), designed by Fernand Pouillon.Constructed using the massive precut stone method. Gobekli Tepe, early monumental Neolithic stonemasonry using flint-carved limestone columns (~9500 BCE) 12th-century stonemasonry at Angkor Wat Diamond-wire saw in use for quarrying marble Stonemason working with medieval tools Stonemasonry with andesite ...
In the lime industry, limestone is a general term for rocks that contain 80% or more of calcium or magnesium carbonate, including marble, chalk, oolite, and marl.Further classification is done by composition as high calcium, argillaceous (clayey), silicious, conglomerate, magnesian, dolomite, and other limestones. [5]
Surface gold mine with haul truck in foreground, in Kalgoorlie, Australia. Mining in the engineering discipline is the extraction of minerals from the ground. Mining engineering is associated with many other disciplines, such as mineral processing, exploration, excavation, geology, metallurgy, geotechnical engineering and surveying.
Mining in a wider sense includes extraction of any non-renewable resource such as petroleum, natural gas, or even water. Modern mining processes involve prospecting for ore bodies, analysis of the profit potential of a proposed mine, extraction of the desired materials, and final reclamation or restoration of the land after the mine is closed. [2]
Carboniferous Limestone – Limestone deposited during the Dinantian Epoch of the Carboniferous Period; Coquina – Sedimentary rock that is composed mostly of fragments of shells; Coral rag – Limestone composed of ancient coral reef material; Chalk – Soft carbonate rock; Fossiliferous limestone – Limestone containing fossils