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John Dalton FRS (/ ˈ d ɔː l t ən /; 5 or 6 September 1766 – 27 July 1844) was an English chemist, physicist and meteorologist. [1] He introduced the atomic theory into chemistry. He also researched colour blindness ; as a result, the umbrella term for red-green congenital colour blindness disorders is Daltonism in several languages.
Ethics, Demonstrated in Geometrical Order (Latin: Ethica, ordine geometrico demonstrata) is a philosophical treatise written in Latin by Baruch Spinoza (Benedictus de Spinoza). It was written between 1661 and 1675 [1] and was first published posthumously in 1677. The Ethics is perhaps the most ambitious attempt to apply Euclid's method in
Development ethics is a field of enquiry that reflects on both the ends and the means of economic development.It typically takes a normative stance, asking and answering questions about the nature of ethically desirable development and what ethics means for achieving development, and discusses various ethical dilemmas that the practice of development has led to.
Dalton thought that water was a "binary compound", i.e. one hydrogen atom and one oxygen atom. Dalton did not know that in their natural gaseous state, the ultimate particles of oxygen, nitrogen, and hydrogen exist in pairs (O 2, N 2, and H 2). Nor was he aware of valencies. These properties of atoms were discovered later in the 19th century.
John Dalton's alternative formulae for water and ammonia. And then he proceeded to give a list of relative weights in the compositions of several common compounds, summarizing: [73] 1st. That water is a binary compound of hydrogen and oxygen, and the relative weights of the two elementary atoms are as 1:7, nearly; 2nd.
In philosophy, axiological ethics is concerned with the values by which people uphold ethical standards, and the investigation and development of theories of ethical behaviour. [ 1 ] [ 2 ] [ 3 ] Axiological ethics investigates and questions what the intellectual bases for a system of values .
During the early 19th century, chemical research by John Dalton and Amedeo Avogadro lent weight to the atomic theory of matter, an idea that James Clerk Maxwell, Ludwig Boltzmann and others built upon to establish the kinetic theory of gases.
Dalton's law (also called Dalton's law of partial pressures) states that in a mixture of non-reacting gases, the total pressure exerted is equal to the sum of the partial pressures of the individual gases. [1] This empirical law was observed by John Dalton in 1801 and published in 1802. [2] Dalton's law is related to the ideal gas laws.