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Most of the languages of Bihar, the third most populous state of India, belong to the Bihari subgroup of the Indo-Aryan family. Chief among them are Bhojpuri, spoken in the west of the state, Maithili in the north, Magahi in center around capital Patna and in the south of the state.
The Chief Minister is the head of government and is vested with most of the executive powers. Patna is the capital of Bihar hence, it serves as the headquarter for almost all the departments. The Patna High Court, located in Patna, has jurisdiction over the whole state. The present legislative structure of Bihar is bicameral.
In addition to the city government, numerous commissions and state authorities—including the Ministry of Tourism, the Bihar Health Department, the Bihar Water Resources Department, National Ganga River Basin Authority, Bihar State Pollution Control Board and the Bihar Public Service Commission—play a role in the life of Patnaites.
The General Administrative Department of the Government of Bihar is the cadre-controlling authority of the service. Along with the Bihar Police Service (BPS) and the Bihar Forest Service (BFS), the BAS is one of the three feeder services to its respective All India Services .
Such state and national politics are creating conditions for language endangerments. [9] After independence Hindi was given the sole official status through the Bihar Official Language Act, 1950. [10] Hindi was displaced as the sole official language of Bihar in 1981, when Urdu was accorded the status of the second official language. [11]
Again West Bengal and East Bengal reunited in 1911 but the people of Bihar and Orrisa demanded a separate province based on language rather than religion. In 1912 Bihar and Orissa Province was created separating from Bengal Presidency. In 1936, Bihar and Orrisa Province divided into two new provinces: Bihar Province and Orissa Province.
Bihar Engineering University was established under Bihar Engineering University Act, 2021 of Bihar Government [203] with the purpose of the development and management of educational infrastructure related to technical, medical, management, and related professional education in Bihar. [204]
Bajjika language is spoken in the north-western part of Bihar, in a region popularly known as Tirhut. [2] It is mainly spoken in the Sitamarhi, Sheohar Muzaffarpur and Vaishali districts of Bihar. [3] A 2013 estimate based on 2001 census data suggests that there were 20 million Bajjika speakers in Bihar. [4]