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Top marginal tax rate of the income tax (i.e. the maximum rate of taxation applied to the highest part of income) The concept of taxing income is a modern innovation and presupposes several things: a money economy, reasonably accurate accounts, a common understanding of receipts, expenses and profits, and an orderly society with reliable records.
The FICA tax was increased in order to pay for this expense. In December 2010, as part of the legislation that extended the Bush tax cuts (called the Tax Relief, Unemployment Insurance Reauthorization, and Job Creation Act of 2010), the government negotiated a temporary, one-year reduction in the FICA payroll tax. In February 2012, the tax cut ...
Gains on real property exchanged for like-kind property are not recognized, and the tax basis of the new property is based on the tax basis of the old property. Before 1986 and from 2004 onward, individuals were subject to a reduced rate of federal tax on capital gains (called long-term capital gains) on certain property held more than 12 months.
By law, the thresholds for the marginal federal income tax brackets must change each year to keep pace with inflation. For 2010, those brackets are as follows: Individual Taxpayers 10% on taxable ...
Donors of gifts in excess of the annual exclusion must file gift tax returns on IRS Form 709 [100] and pay the tax. Executors of estates with a gross value in excess of the unified credit must file an estate tax return on IRS Form 706 [101] and pay the tax from the estate. Returns are required if the gifts or gross estate exceed the exclusions.
Poll taxes are regressive, meaning the higher someone's income is, the lower the tax is as a proportion of income: for example, a $100 tax on an income of $10,000 is a 1% tax rate, while $100 tax on a $500 income is 20%. Its acceptance or "neutrality" depends on the balance between the tax demanded and the resources of the population.
The religion of Islam has a concept sometimes described as a wealth tax called Zakat. [34] [35] Iceland had a wealth tax until 2006 and a temporary wealth tax reintroduced in 2010 for four years. The tax was levied at a rate of 1.5% on net assets exceeding 75,000,000 kr for individuals and 100,000,000 kr for married couples. [citation needed]
Progressive taxes are imposed in an attempt to reduce the tax incidence of people with a lower ability to pay, as such taxes shift the incidence increasingly to those with a higher ability-to-pay. The opposite of a progressive tax is a regressive tax, such as a sales tax, where the poor pay a larger proportion of their income compared to the ...