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Liverwort species may be either dioicous or monoicous. In dioicous liverworts, female and male sex organs are borne on different and separate gametophyte plants. In monoicous liverworts, the two kinds of reproductive structures are borne on different branches of the same plant. [20]
Marchantiales is an order of thallose liverworts (also known as "complex thalloid liverworts") that includes species like Marchantia polymorpha, a widespread plant often found beside rivers, and Lunularia cruciata, a common and often troublesome weed in moist, temperate gardens and greenhouses.
Marchantia polymorpha is a species of large thalloid liverwort in the class Marchantiopsida. [1] M. polymorpha is highly variable in appearance and contains several subspecies. [2] This species is dioicous, having separate male and female plants. [2] M. polymorpha has a wide distribution and is found worldwide. [3]
Marchantia is a genus of liverworts in the family Marchantiaceae and the order Marchantiales.The genus was named by French botanist Jean Marchant after his father.. The thallus of Marchantia shows differentiation into two layers: an upper photosynthetic layer with a well-defined upper epidermis with pores and a lower storage layer.
Conocephalum species are large liverworts with distinct patterns on the upper thallus, giving the appearance of snakeskin. [3] The species Conocephalum conicum is named for its cone-shaped reproductive structures, called archegoniophores. [4] Common names include snakeskin liverwort, great scented liverwort [5] [6] and cat-tongue liverwort. [7]
Marchantia berteroana is a flat, thalloid liverwort, with thallus up to 2 cm (0.79 in) long and 1.2 cm (0.47 in) wide.The thallus colour can range from dark green to yellow with a glossy surface, and is attached to the ground via rhizoids.
The beginning of modern liverwort nomenclature is marked with the 1753 publication of Linnaeus' Species Plantarum, [11] although this relied heavily upon the prior work of Micheli (1729) [12] and Dillenius (1741). [13] Linnaeus included all 25 known species of liverworts, together with mosses, algae, and fungi, within a single class Cryptogamia.
Marchantiopsida is a class of liverworts within the phylum Marchantiophyta. [2] The species in this class are known as complex thalloid liverworts. The species in this class are widely distributed and can be found worldwide. [3] Complex oil bodies are only found in the gametophyte. [4]