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Dyskeratosis is abnormal keratinization occurring prematurely within individual cells or groups of cells below the stratum granulosum. [1] Dyskeratosis congenita is congenital disease characterized by reticular skin pigmentation, nail degeneration, and leukoplakia on the mucous membranes associated with short telomeres. [2]
A number of structural proteins (filaggrin, keratin), enzymes (e.g. proteases), lipids, and antimicrobial peptides contribute to maintain the important barrier function of the skin. Keratinization is part of the physical barrier formation (cornification), in which the keratinocytes produce more and more keratin and undergo terminal ...
Parakeratosis is a mode of keratinization characterized by the retention of nuclei in the stratum corneum. [1] In mucous membranes, parakeratosis is normal. [2] In the skin, this process leads to the abnormal replacement of annular squames with nucleated cells.
Porokeratosis is a specific disorder of keratinization that is characterized histologically by the presence of a cornoid lamella, a thin column of closely stacked, parakeratotic cells extending through the stratum corneum with a thin or absent granular layer. [1]: 532
Hyperkeratosis is thickening of the stratum corneum (the outermost layer of the epidermis, or skin), often associated with the presence of an abnormal quantity of keratin, [1] and is usually accompanied by an increase in the granular layer. As the corneum layer normally varies greatly in thickness in different sites, some experience is needed ...
Cutaneous conditions caused by mutations in keratin proteins Defective keratin type Condition(s) 1: Epidermolytic hyperkeratosis Ichthyosis hystrix of Curth–Macklin Diffuse nonepidermolytic palmoplantar keratoderma (Unna–Thost keratoderma) Diffuse epidermolytic palmoplantar keratoderma (Vörner keratoderma) 2 (2e) Ichthyosis bullosa of ...
A skin cell usually ranges from 25 to 40 μm 2, ... It is composed of dense irregular connective tissue, ... benefits the skin by normalizing keratinization, ...
Hyperkeratinization (American English or hyperkeratinisation in British) is a disorder of the cells lining the inside of a hair follicle. It is the normal function of these cells to detach or slough off from the skin lining at normal intervals. The dead cells are then forced out of the follicle (primarily by the growing hair).