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An organizational chart, also called organigram, organogram, or organizational breakdown structure (OBS), is a diagram that shows the structure of an organization and the relationships and relative ranks of its parts and positions/jobs. The term is also used for similar diagrams, for example ones showing the different elements of a field of ...
Solid-line reporting is a direct reporting relationship between a supervisor and their supervised worker. The supervisor provides primary guidance to the worker, controls the major financial resources on which the worker relies to perform their work, conducts performance reviews with the worker, and provides all other direct supervision.
A matrix organization. Matrix management is an organizational structure in which some individuals report to more than one supervisor or leader—relationships described as solid line or dotted line reporting, also understood in context of vertical, horizontal & diagonal communication in organisation for keeping the best output of product or services.
Horizontal or "flat" companies, however, have fewer middle-managers, which implies that high-level managers are more involved in daily tasks and interact with customers and front-line personnel. [4] A centralized organizational structure describes how a company's direction and decisions are set by one individual only. [5]
Organigraphs can be created as diagrams or as images which represent the nature of the firm. For example, a computer company's organigraph could be in the form of a computer. The hard drive could represent employees, the power supply could relate to its financing, and the web browser could indicate the firm's strategy.
It has become common use to chart governmental organizations in multiple (partly) overlapping organizational charts. For example, here shown the 2011 Organizational chart of the Government of the United States from The United States Government Manual 2011, was the first of a series of over 70 charts of the Government of the United States. [20]