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Microcephaly can be primary, where the brain fails to develop properly during pregnancy, or secondary, where the brain is normal sized at birth but fails to grow as the child ages. [2] Abnormalities will be observed progressively after birth whereby the child will display stunted growth and physical and cognitive development.
Microcephaly (from Neo-Latin microcephalia, from Ancient Greek μικρός mikrós "small" and κεφαλή kephalé "head" [2]) is a medical condition involving a smaller-than-normal head. [3] Microcephaly may be present at birth or it may develop in the first few years of life. [3]
Microcephaly, large eyes, beak-like nose, narrow face, retrognathism, malocclusion; Mental handicap; Agenesis of the corpus callosum, cerebral cysts; Other abnormalities can be a supportive criteria, such as: anemia, pancytopenia, cleft lip/palate scoliosis or kyphoscoliosis. [8] Genetic testing can confirm diagnosis. [5]
Jaxon Strong was born with microhydranencephaly a form of microcephaly -- a birth defect that affects the brain and that has recently made headlines due to links to the Zika virus.
Fetal abnormalities are conditions that affect a fetus or embryo, are able to be diagnosed prenatally, and may be fatal or cause disease after birth. They may include aneuploidies, structural abnormalities, or neoplasms. Acardiac twin; Achondrogenesis; Achondroplasia
The syndrome can cause infantile seizures refractory to anticonvulsive drugs, developmental delay, acquired microcephaly and neurologic manifestations including spasticity, hypotonia and ataxia. [9] The frequency, severity and types of seizures may vary considerably among GLUT1 deficiency patients and do not necessarily correspond to the ...
For infants who are infected by their mothers before birth, two potential adverse scenarios exist: Generalized infection may occur in the infant, and can cause complications such as low birth weight, microcephaly, seizures, petechial rash similar to the "blueberry muffin" rash of congenital rubella syndrome, and moderate hepatosplenomegaly (with jaundice).
The combination of lissencephaly with severe congenital microcephaly is designated as microlissencephaly only when the cortex is abnormally thick. If such combination exists with a normal cortical thickness (2.5 to 3 mm [4]), it is known as "microcephaly with simplified gyral pattern" (MSGP). [5]