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Brand image refers to an image an organization wants to project; [50] a psychological meaning or meaning profile associated with a brand. [51] Brand loyalty refers to the feelings of attachment a consumer forms with a brand. It is a tendency of consumers to purchase repeatedly from a specific brand. [52]
Also called resource cost advantage. The ability of a party (whether an individual, firm, or country) to produce a greater quantity of a good, product, or service than competitors using the same amount of resources. absorption The total demand for all final marketed goods and services by all economic agents resident in an economy, regardless of the origin of the goods and services themselves ...
Brand valuation is the process of estimating the total financial value of a brand. A conflict of interest exists if those who value a brand were also involved in its creation. [ 1 ] The ISO 10668 standard specifies six key requirements for the process of valuing brands, which are transparency, validity , reliability , sufficiency, objectivity ...
A brand is a marketing concept that reflects how consumers perceive a product or service. [35] It has a much wider meaning and refers to the proprietary visual, emotional, rational, and cultural image that customers associate with a company or product.
Economists commonly use the term recession to mean either a period of two successive calendar quarters each having negative growth [clarification needed] of real gross domestic product [1] [2] [3] —that is, of the total amount of goods and services produced within a country—or that provided by the National Bureau of Economic Research (NBER): "...a significant decline in economic activity ...
James Stuart (1767) authored the first book in English with 'political economy' in its title, explaining it just as: . Economy in general [is] the art of providing for all the wants of a family, so the science of political economy seeks to secure a certain fund of subsistence for all the inhabitants, to obviate every circumstance which may render it precarious; to provide everything necessary ...
Branding began to beas a top management priority around the 2000’s due to the growing realization that a brand is one of the important assets that a firm can have. A brand is more than just a name on a stationery, clothes, plant, or equipment. [1] It carries meaning to all stakeholders and represents a set of values, and even a personality of ...
Brand protection is the process and set of actions that a right holder undertakes to prevent third parties from using its intellectual property without permission, as this may cause loss of revenue and, usually more importantly, destroys brand equity, reputation and trust.