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A comedo may be open to the air ("blackhead") or closed by skin ("whitehead"). [2] Being open to the air causes oxidation of the melanin pigment, which turns it black. [9] [2] Cutibacterium acnes is the suspected infectious agent in acne. [3] It can proliferate in sebum and cause inflamed pustules (pimples) characteristic of acne. [3]
If the pore closes, it'll appear white and is called a whitehead; if the pore remains open it looks dark and is called a blackhead. First thing's first: Acne as a whole is extremely common.
The causes vary, but are often rooted in excess oil and bacteria on the face, chest, or back, which can be triggered by hormonal issues, stress, certain foods, and irritating products.
The inflammatory processes lead to the formation of keratinous plugs in skin pores, forming yellowish cysts and dark pustules. The associated pus is usually a color of green approximating that of a tennis ball. The skin lesions occur mainly in the face, but in more severe cases they involve the shoulders and chest, the back, and the abdomen.
Blackheads are something that almost everyone struggles with at some point in their lives. Those tiny black dots that appear on your nose or chin might be harmless, but they are also unsightly!
Comedones (blackheads and whiteheads) must be present to diagnose acne. In their absence, an appearance similar to that of acne would suggest a different skin disorder. [29] Microcomedones (the precursor to blackheads and whiteheads) are not visible to the naked eye when inspecting the skin and require a microscope to be seen. [29]
Demodex folliculorum is a microscopic mite that can survive only on the skin of humans. [2] [3] Most people have D. folliculorum on their skin.Usually, the mites do not cause any harm, so are considered an example of commensalism rather than parasitism; [4] but they can cause disease, known as demodicosis.
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