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Liquid crystal states have properties intermediate between mobile liquids and ordered solids. Generally, they are able to flow like a liquid, but exhibiting long-range order. For example, the nematic phase consists of long rod-like molecules such as para-azoxyanisole , which is nematic in the temperature range 118–136 °C (244–277 °F). [ 10 ]
Mesomorphic states: States of matter intermediate between solid and liquid. Plastic crystal: A molecular solid with long-range positional order but with constituent molecules retaining rotational freedom. Liquid crystal: Properties intermediate between liquids and crystals. Generally, able to flow like a liquid but exhibiting long-range ...
Many liquids are used as solvents, to dissolve other liquids or solids. Solutions are found in a wide variety of applications, including paints, sealants, and adhesives. Naphtha and acetone are used frequently in industry to clean oil, grease, and tar from parts and machinery. Body fluids are water-based solutions.
3.3 Solids. 4 References. Toggle the table of contents. List of viscosities. ... Of all fluids, gases have the lowest viscosities, and thick liquids have the highest.
Solids and liquids both have tensile strengths, which when exceeded in solids creates irreversible deformation and fracture, and in liquids cause the onset of cavitation. Both solids and liquids have free surfaces, which cost some amount of free energy to form.
Evaporation removes volatile liquids from non-volatile solutes, which cannot be done through filtration due to the small size of the substances. Liquid–liquid extraction removes an impurity or recovers a desired product by dissolving the crude material in a solvent in which other components of the feed material are soluble .
Liquid-solid separation (2 C, 16 P) N. Non-Newtonian fluids (1 C, 55 P, 1 F) O. Oils (6 C, 52 P) P. Potions (1 C, 13 P) Pages in category "Liquids"
If the solvent is a solid, then gases, liquids, and solids can be dissolved. Gas in solids: Hydrogen dissolves rather well in metals, especially in palladium; this is studied as a means of hydrogen storage. Liquid in solid: Mercury in gold, forming an amalgam; Water in solid salt or sugar, forming moist solids; Hexane in paraffin wax