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  2. Tax - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tax

    In Hattusa, the capital of the Hittite Empire, grains were collected as a tax from the surrounding lands, and stored in silos as a display of the king's wealth. [ 39 ] In the Persian Empire , a regulated and sustainable tax system was introduced by Darius I the Great in 500 BC; [ 40 ] the Persian system of taxation was tailored to each Satrapy ...

  3. Income tax - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Income_tax

    The higher costs to labour and capital imposed by income tax causes dead weight loss in an economy, being the loss of economic activity from people deciding not to invest capital or use time productively because of the burden that tax would impose on those activities. There is also a loss from individuals and professional advisors devoting time ...

  4. Tax returns in the United States - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tax_returns_in_the_United...

    Occasionally there have been efforts in Congress to require tax returns to be open to public inspection. For example, Senators Robert M. La Follette and George W. Norris supported such legislation, applicable to both individual and corporate returns, and public disclosure for wealthy taxpayers was required from 1923 to 1926.

  5. Dead capital - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dead_capital

    Dead capital is an economic term related to property which is informally held, is not legally recognized, and cannot be exchanged for financial capital. [1] The uncertainty of ownership decreases the value of the asset and/or the ability to lend or borrow against it. [2] These lost forms of value are dead capital.

  6. Gross fixed capital formation - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gross_fixed_capital_formation

    When the consumption of fixed capital is deducted from the figures the resulting ratio of net fixed capital formation to net domestic product is around 8% for the average of the EU-27; again substantially higher ratios of more than 15% can be observed for some of the new EU member states such as Spain. Higher investment rates in poorer ...

  7. Capital gains tax - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Capital_gains_tax

    Capital gains in the Czech Republic are taxed as income for companies and individuals. The Czech income tax rate for an individual's income in 2010 is a flat 15% rate. Corporate tax in 2024 is 21%. Capital gains from the sale of shares by a company owning 10% or more is entitled to participation exemption under certain terms.

  8. Capital control - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Capital_control

    Capital controls were an integral part of the Bretton Woods system which emerged after World War II and lasted until the early 1970s. This period was the first time capital controls had been endorsed by mainstream economics. Capital controls were relatively easy to impose, in part because international capital markets were less active in ...

  9. Sales tax - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sales_tax

    Turnover tax, similar to a sales tax, but applied to intermediate and possibly capital goods as an indirect tax. [10] Most countries in the world have sales taxes or value-added taxes at all or several of the national, state, county, or city government levels. [11]