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Community sentence [1] [2] or alternative sentencing or non-custodial sentence is a collective name in criminal justice for all the different ways in which courts can punish a defendant who has been convicted of committing an offense, other than through a custodial sentence (serving a jail or prison term) or capital punishment (death).
A successful example of this is the Miyo Wahkotowin Community Education Authority, which uses restorative techniques at the three Emineskin Cree nation schools it operates in Alberta, Canada. The Authority has a special Sohki program which has a coordinator work with students with "behavioral issues" rather than punish them and has had ...
Correctional Offender Management Profiling for Alternative Sanctions (COMPAS) [1] is a case management and decision support tool developed and owned by Northpointe (now Equivant) used by U.S. courts to assess the likelihood of a defendant becoming a recidivist.
Retributive justice is a legal concept whereby the criminal offender receives punishment proportional or similar to the crime.As opposed to revenge, retribution—and thus retributive justice—is not personal, is directed only at wrongdoing, has inherent limits, involves no pleasure at the suffering of others (i.e., schadenfreude, sadism), and employs procedural standards.
Judges have imposed sentences of home confinement, as an alternative to prison, as far back as the 17th century. Galileo was confined to his home following his infamous trial in 1633. Authorities often used house arrest to confine political leaders who were deposed in a coup d'état, but this method was not widely used to confine numerous ...
For example, New York State had a long-standing Persistent Felony Offender law dating back to the early 20th century [9] (partially ruled unconstitutional in 2010, [10] [11] but reaffirmed en banc shortly after [12] [13]). But such sentences were not compulsory in each case, and judges had much more discretion as to what term of incarceration ...
For example, officials in Bridgeport, Connecticut's most populous city, have limited the number of police officers inside schools, and have discouraged them from arresting students. Even after the deadly elementary-school shooting in nearby Newtown, the district resisted the urge to become more punitive.
Decarceration includes overlapping reformist and abolitionist strategies, from "front door" options such as sentencing reform, decriminalization, diversion and mental health treatment to "back door" approaches, exemplified by parole reform and early release into re-entry programs, [5] amnesty for inmates convicted of non-violent offenses and imposition of prison capacity limits. [6]