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The X-inactivation center (or simply XIC) on the X chromosome is necessary and sufficient to cause X-inactivation. Chromosomal translocations which place the XIC on an autosome lead to inactivation of the autosome, and X chromosomes lacking the XIC are not inactivated. [27] [28]
X-inactivation is an early developmental process in mammalian females that transcriptionally silences one of the pair of X chromosomes, thus providing dosage equivalence between males and females (see dosage compensation). The process is regulated by several factors, including a region of chromosome X called the X-inactivation center (XIC).
Not all random X-inactivation is entirely random. Some alleles, generally mutations in the X-inactivation center on the X-chromosome have been demonstrated to confer a bias towards inactivation for the chromosome on which they sit. [1] Truly random X-inactivation may also appear to be non-random if one X-chromosome carries a deleterious mutation.
Mammalian X-chromosome inactivation is initiated from the X inactivation centre or Xic, usually found near the centromere. [6] The center contains twelve genes, seven of which code for proteins, five for untranslated RNAs, of which only two are known to play an active role in the X inactivation process, Xist and Tsix. [6]
XCI is usually divided in two phases, the establishment phase when gene silencing is reversible, and maintenance phase when gene silencing becomes irreversible. [2] During the establishment phase of X Chromosome Inactivation (XCI), Xist RNA, the master regulator of this process, is monoallelically upregulated [3] and it spreads in cis along the future inactive X (Xi), relocates to the nuclear ...
Her major career research achievements include identifying the X inactivation center, [5] [6] discovering Tsix antisense RNA, [7] determining Xist's mechanism of action, [8] [9] demonstrating that a lncRNA is a regulator of Polycomb repressive complex 2, [8] [10] [11] [12] and determining that the X chromosome folds like origami and adopts a ...
Staffing cuts at the World Trade Center Health Program were restored Friday, Feb. 21, after a bipartisan rally in support of the program that provides healthcare and monitoring for 9/11 responders ...
n/a Ensembl ENSG00000270641 n/a UniProt n a n/a RefSeq (mRNA) n/a n/a RefSeq (protein) n/a n/a Location (UCSC) Chr X: 73.79 – 73.83 Mb n/a PubMed search n/a Wikidata View/Edit Human Simplified flowchart of Tsix's role in Xist gene function Tsix is a non-coding RNA gene that is antisense to the Xist RNA. Tsix binds Xist during X chromosome inactivation. The name Tsix comes from the reverse of ...