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The relationship between Mussolini and Adolf Hitler was a contentious one early on. While Hitler cited Mussolini as an influence and privately expressed great admiration for him, [218] Mussolini had little regard for Hitler, especially after the Nazis had his friend and ally, Engelbert Dollfuss, the Austrofascist dictator of Austria, killed in ...
If the nineteenth century was the century of the individual (liberalism implies individualism) we are free to believe that this is the "collective" century, and therefore the century of the State." In 1940, Mussolini ordered all remaining copies of the document, which had different editions and translations, to be destroyed "because he changed ...
In 1934, Mussolini declared that employment of women was a "major aspect of the thorny problem of unemployment" and that for women working was "incompatible with childbearing". Mussolini went on to say that the solution to unemployment for men was the "exodus of women from the work force". [82]
Although other Nazis disapproved of Mussolini and Fascist Italy, Hitler had long idolized Mussolini's oratorical and visual persona and adopted much of the symbolism of the Fascists into the Nazi Party, such as the Roman, straight-armed salute, dramatic oratory, the use of uniformed paramilitaries for political violence and the use of mass ...
Benito Mussolini, dictator of Fascist Italy (left), and Adolf Hitler, dictator of Nazi Germany (right), were fascist leaders.. Fascism (/ ˈ f æ ʃ ɪ z əm / FASH-iz-əm) is a far-right, authoritarian, and ultranationalist political ideology and movement, [1] [2] [3] characterized by a dictatorial leader, centralized autocracy, militarism, forcible suppression of opposition, belief in a ...
Mussolini's melodramatic style of oratory was both pantomimic and liturgical, with exaggerated poses and hand movements, and prominent variations in the pitch and tone of his voice. [20] Mussolini intended his speeches to be faith-inspiring theatrical performances and stated that "the crowd does not have to know; it must believe". [20]
Mussolini originally distinguished his position Hitler's fanatical racism while affirming that he himself was a Zionist. [59] More broadly, he even proposed building a mosque in Rome as a sign that Italy was the "Protector of Islam" in colonial Africa , a move blocked by a horrified Pope Pius XI . [ 60 ]
On 10 June 1940, Mussolini led Italy into World War II on the side of the Axis. Mussolini was aware that Italy did not have the military capacity to carry out a long war with France or Britain and waited until France was on the verge of imminent collapse before declaring war, on the assumption that the war would be short-lived. [ 162 ]