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Head lice infestation, also known as pediculosis capitis, is the infection of the head hair and scalp by the head louse (Pediculus humanus capitis). [6] Itching from lice bites is common. [5] During a person's first infection, the itch may not develop for up to six weeks. [5] If a person is infected again, symptoms may begin much more quickly. [5]
The treatment of human lice is the removal of head lice parasites from human hair. It has been debated and studied for centuries. It has been debated and studied for centuries. However, the number of cases of human louse infestations (or pediculosis ) has increased worldwide since the mid-1960s, reaching hundreds of millions annually. [ 1 ]
Accordingly, the infestation with head lice is named pediculosis capitis, while this with body lice, pediculosis corporis. [ 1 ] [ 2 ] Although pediculosis in humans may properly refer to lice infestation of any part of the body, the term is sometimes used loosely to refer to pediculosis capitis , the infestation of the human head with the ...
The head louse (Pediculus humanus capitis) is an obligate ectoparasite of humans. [1] Head lice are wingless insects that spend their entire lives on the human scalp and feed exclusively on human blood. [1] Humans are the only known hosts of this specific parasite, while chimpanzees and bonobos host a closely related species, Pediculus schaeffi.
Malathion is approved by the US Food and Drug Administration for treatment of pediculosis. [ 11 ] [ 12 ] It is claimed to effectively kill both the eggs and the adult lice, but in fact has been shown in UK studies to be only 36% effective on head lice, and less so on their eggs. [ 13 ]
Pediculus humanus is divided into two subspecies, Pediculus humanus humanus, or the human body louse, sometimes nicknamed "the seam squirrel" for its habit of laying of eggs in the seams of clothing, and Pediculus humanus capitis, or the human head louse. Pthirus pubis (the human pubic louse) is the cause of the condition known as crabs.
A dead nit attached to a hair. No nit policy is a public health policy implemented by some education authorities to prevent the transmission of head lice infestation.The "no nit" policy requires the sending home and barring of all children who have nits (egg shells) on their hair from controlled settings such as school, summer camp or day care facilities.
A mediaeval treatment for lice was an ointment made from pork grease, incense, lead, and aloe. [ 40 ] Robert Hooke 's 1667 book, Micrographia: or some physiological descriptions of minute bodies made by magnifying glasses with observations and Inquiries thereupon , illustrated a human louse, drawn as seen down an early microscope .