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Under Windows, the Alt key is pressed and held down while a decimal character code is entered on the numeric keypad; the Alt key is then released and the character appears. The numerical code corresponds to the character’s code point in the Windows 1252 code page , with a leading zero; for example, an en dash (–) is entered using Alt + 0150 .
In computing, BIOS (/ ˈ b aɪ ɒ s,-oʊ s /, BY-oss, -ohss; Basic Input/Output System, also known as the System BIOS, ROM BIOS, BIOS ROM or PC BIOS) is a type of firmware used to provide runtime services for operating systems and programs and to perform hardware initialization during the booting process (power-on startup). [1]
In the IBM PC Bios typing an Alt code greater than 255 produced the same as that number modulo 256. [3] Some applications retained this behavior, while others (in particular applications using the Windows RichEdit control, such as WordPad and PSPad ) made numbers from 256 to 65,535 produce the corresponding Unicode character. [ 4 ]
A BIOS Color Attribute is an 8 bit value where the low 4 bits represent the character color and the high 4 bits represent the background color. The name comes from the fact that these colors are used in BIOS interrupts, specifically INT 10h, the video interrupt. When writing text to the screen, a BIOS color attribute is used to designate the ...
Characters are searchable by Unicode character name, and the table can be limited to a particular code block. [7] Starting with Windows 10 Microsoft Windows also contains so called "emoji keyboard". It can be started by holding down the Windows key (the one with the Windows symbol on it) and hitting the period or semicolon key.
An option ROM for the PC platform (i.e. the IBM PC and derived successor computer systems) is a piece of firmware that resides in ROM on an expansion card (or stored along with the main system BIOS), which gets executed to initialize the device and (optionally) add support for the device to the BIOS.
INT 10h is fairly slow, so many programs bypass this BIOS routine and access the display hardware directly. Setting the video mode, which is done infrequently, can be accomplished by using the BIOS, while drawing graphics on the screen in a game needs to be done quickly, so direct access to video RAM is more appropriate than making a BIOS call ...
Typical POST screen (AMI BIOS) Typical UEFI-compliant BIOS POST screen (Phoenix Technologies BIOS) Summary screen after POST and before booting an operating system (AMI BIOS) A power-on self-test ( POST ) is a process performed by firmware or software routines immediately after a computer or other digital electronic device is powered on.