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Ecology block with rebar loop on top for use with heavy equipment An ecology block , also known as an eco-block or ecoblock , is a type of recycled concrete block used to make retaining walls . Ecology blocks are manufactured using concrete left over from other construction processes.
For example, some of the anchors shown in figures 4-6, can be placed into thin wall elements as the anchor chair maintains the position relative to the element thickness. As the orientation of the void determines the lift position of the lifting clutch , the wire chair can be secured against the element reinforcement to maintain this ...
Rebar has been placed atop a temporary wooden formwork deck prior to pouring concrete. The large horizontal rebar "cages" will be encased within a beam, while several thick vertical rebar stubs will stick out of the pour to form the base of a future column. Concrete is a material that is very strong in compression, but relatively weak in tension.
A basement wall is thus one kind of retaining wall; however, the term usually refers to a cantilever retaining wall, which is a freestanding structure without lateral support at its top. [2] These are cantilevered from a footing and rise above the grade on one side to retain a higher level grade on the opposite side.
The tieback-deadman structure resists forces that would otherwise cause the wall to lean, as for example, when a seawall is pushed seaward by water trapped on the landward side after a heavy rain. Tiebacks are drilled into soil using a small diameter shaft, and usually installed at an angle of 15 to 45 degrees.
Soil nail components may also be used to stabilize retaining walls or existing fill slopes (embankments and levees); this is normally undertaken as a remedial measure. Since its first application using modern techniques in Versailles in 1972, [ 2 ] soil nailing is now a well-established technique around the world.
Carbon dioxide present in the air slowly diffuses through the concrete cover over the rebar and progressively reacts with the alkaline hydroxides (KOH, NaOH) and with calcium hydroxide leading to the carbonatation of the hydrated cement paste. As a result, the pH of the cement drops and when its value is below 10.5 – 9.5, steel surface is no ...
Conventionally the term concrete refers only to concrete that is reinforced with iron or steel. However, other materials are often used to reinforce concrete e.g. organic and inorganic fibres, composites in different forms.