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Where the three-phase load is small relative to the total load, two individual transformers may be used instead of the three for a full delta or a three-phase transformer, thus providing a variety of voltages at a reduced cost. This is called open-delta high-leg, and has a reduced capacity relative to a full delta. [3] [4] [5]
An older, but still widely used, high-leg delta system uses three phases with 240 volts phase-to-phase for motor loads, and 120 volts for lighting loads by use of a center-tapped transformer; two of the phases are 120 volts to neutral. The third phase, the "high leg" of the system (also referred to as the "wild leg"), has 208 V to neutral and ...
Except in a high-leg delta system and a corner-grounded delta system, single-phase loads may be connected across any two phases, or a load can be connected from phase to neutral. [28] Distributing single-phase loads among the phases of a three-phase system balances the load and makes most economical use of conductors and transformers.
The United States National Electrical Code requires a bare copper, or green or green/yellow insulated protective conductor, a white or grey neutral, with any other colour used for single phase. The NEC also requires the high-leg conductor of a high-leg delta system to have orange insulation, or to be identified by other suitable means such as ...
In the United States it is not usually used for three phase power but for the high leg delta wiring of split-phase electric power (unknown in Europe). This allows one to choose single-phase AC power at either 110–120 volts between phase and neutral or 220–240 volts between phase and phase.
English: Secondary extension of a split-phase electric power transformer for three phases. Also known as "high leg delta". Also known as "high leg delta". Commonly used in the US/CAN.
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Just to complicate things in Canada the high leg is Phase A (L1) instead of Phase B as per the CEC rule 4-038 (4): "Where the midpoint of one phase of a 4-wire delta-connected secondary is grounded to supply lighting and similar loads, the conductors shall be colour-coded in accordance with Subrule (3) and the phase A conductor shall be the ...