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Chlorobenzene (abbreviated PhCl) is an aryl chloride and the simplest of the chlorobenzenes, consisting of a benzene ring substituted with one chlorine atom. Its chemical formula is C 6 H 5 Cl. This colorless, flammable liquid is a common solvent and a widely used intermediate in the manufacture of other chemicals.
Aryl iodides can be prepared by treating diazonium ... in liquid ammonia to give aniline by this ... was the use of chlorobenzene as a solvent for dispersing the ...
Aniline (from Portuguese anil 'indigo shrub', and -ine indicating a derived substance) [6] is an organic compound with the formula C 6 H 5 NH 2. Consisting of a phenyl group ( −C 6 H 5 ) attached to an amino group ( −NH 2 ), aniline is the simplest aromatic amine .
To form 4-chlorophenyl azide specifically, an aniline with a chloride group in the para position is used. The sodium nitrite reacts with aniline to form a diazonium salt that performs nucleophilic substitution with the azide ion formed by another reaction between sodium nitrite and hydrazine hydrate in an acidic medium. Such a reaction takes ...
Since the C–I bond is weaker than C–Br or C–Cl, iodobenzene is more reactive than bromobenzene or chlorobenzene. Iodobenzene reacts readily with magnesium to form the Grignard reagent, phenylmagnesium iodide. Phenylmagnesium iodide, like the bromide analog, is a synthetic equivalent for the phenyl anion synthon.
Instead, the main product he isolated was chlorobenzene. [5] In modern times, the Sandmeyer reaction refers to any method for substitution of an aromatic amino group via preparation of its diazonium salt followed by its displacement with a nucleophile in the presence of catalytic copper(I) salts.
John D. Roberts et al. showed that the reaction of chlorobenzene-1-14 C and potassium amide gave equal amounts of aniline with 14 C incorporation at C-1 and C-2. 14 C labeling experiment shows equal distribution of products. Wittig and Pohmer found that benzyne participate in [4+2] cycloaddition reactions. [49]
4-Chloroaniline is not prepared from aniline, which tends to overchlorinate. Instead, it is prepared by reduction of 4-nitrochlorobenzene , which in turn is prepared by nitration of chlorobenzene .