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The normal range of GFR, adjusted for body surface area, is 100–130 average 125 (mL/min)/(1.73 m 2) in men and 90–120 (mL/min)/(1.73 m 2) in women younger than the age of 40. In children, GFR measured by inulin clearance is 110 (mL/min)/(1.73 m 2 ) until 2 years of age in both sexes, and then it progressively decreases.
Urine protein/creatinine ratio is a widely used initial method to estimate daily protein excretion in urine. [1] [2] [3] Since the diagnosis and management of proteinuric renal diseases and the staging of chronic kidney disease depend on accurate identification and quantitation of proteinuria, [4] [1] the implementation of the 24-hour urine collection is the most accurate procedure in practice ...
The typical human reference ranges for serum creatinine are 0.5 mg/dL to 1.0 mg/dL (about 45 μmol/L to 90 μmol/L) for women and 0.7 mg/dL to 1.2 mg/dL (60 μmol/L to 110 μmol/L) for men. The significance of a single creatinine value must be interpreted in light of the patient's muscle mass.
Creatinine is sometimes used instead of inulin as the reference substance; for example, the calcium-creatinine clearance ratio is used in an attempt to distinguish between different causes of a high plasma calcium concentration. [3]
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When IDMS-calibrated serum creatinine is used (which is about 6% lower), the above equations should be multiplied by 175/186 or by 0.94086. [34] Since these formulae do not adjust for body size, results are given in units of mL/min per 1.73 m 2, 1.73 m 2 being the estimated body surface area of an adult with a mass of 63 kg and a height of 1.7 m.
pcr = 1.0 arterial blood gas: hco 3 − = 24 p a co 2 = 40 p a o 2 = 95 ph = 7.40 alveolar gas: p a co 2 = 36 p a o 2 = 105 a-a g = 10 other: ca = 9.5 mg 2+ = 2.0 po 4 = 1 ck = 55 be = −0.36 ag = 16 serum osmolarity/renal: pmo = 300 pco = 295 pog = 5 bun:cr = 20 urinalysis: una + = 80 ucl − = 100 uag = 5 fena = 0.95 uk + = 25 usg = 1.01 ucr ...
The patient should refrain from heavy exercises 24 hours before the test. A repeat test should be done 3 to 6 months after the first positive test for microalbuminuria. Lastly, the test is inaccurate in a person with very high or very low muscle mass. This is due to the variation in creatinine level which is produced by the muscle. [13]